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Ebenezer Kinnersley demonstrated heating a wire to incandescence
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Humphry Davy used what he described as a "battery of immense size", consisting of 2,000 cells housed in the basement of the Royal Institution of Great Britain.
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James Bowman Lindsay demonstrated a constant electric light at a public meeting in Dundee, Scotland.
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Belgian lithographer Marcellin Jobard invented an incandescent light bulb with a vacuum atmosphere using a carbon filament
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British scientist Warren de la Rue enclosed a coiled platinum filament in a vacuum tube and passed an electric current through it.
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Frederick de Moleyns of England was granted the first patent for an incandescent lamp
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American John W. Starr acquired a patent for his incandescent light bulb using carbon filaments.
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Jean Eugène Robert-Houdin publicly demonstrated incandescent light bulbs on his estate in Blois, France.
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Moses G. Farmer built an electric incandescent light bulb using a platinum filament.
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Russian Alexander Lodygin invented an incandescent light bulb and obtained a Russian patent in 1874.
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A Canadian patent was filed by Henry Woodward and Mathew Evans for a lamp consisting of carbon rods mounted in a nitrogen-filled glass cylinder.
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Heinrich Göbel claimed he had designed the first incandescent light bulb in 1854, with a thin carbonized bamboo filament of high resistance, platinum lead-in wires in an all-glass envelope, and a high vacuum.
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Many experimenters worked with various combinations of platinum or iridium wires, carbon rods, and evacuated or semi-evacuated enclosures. Many of these devices were demonstrated and some were patented.