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Soon after Queen Anne's death, Hanoverian George; an elderly and unprepossesing German who could speak no English arrived in England. The date is an approximation.
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The dates are an approximation.
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He was from the Whig party. For 21 years he managed the Whig machine, preserving peace and developing the Cabinet system.
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He made no difference of the dependence of the Crown on the Whigs.
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Walpole was forced against his will into maritime war with Spainn which soon involved a continental war in defence of Austria against France and most of the continental powers. As a result Walpole fell, his place being taken for the next twenty years by Henry Pelham and the Duke of Newcastle. The date is an approximation.
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The first years were disastrous: in America a British force was cut to pieces; in India the traders of Calcutta suffered the horror of the Black Hole; Frederick the Great of Prussia was surrounded by enemies; Minorca was lost and Admiral Byng shot 'pour encourager les autres'. The date is an approximation.
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The naval victories of Lagos and Quiberon Bay, of Minden in Hanover and, to crown all, Wolfe's capture of the central French citadel of Quebec. The date is an approximation as it was a period.
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A young man who gloried the name of Briton'$ and saw himself as the hero of Bolingbroke's Patriot King: a king who really ruled and chose whom he liked as his ministers. He resumed the Royal patronagen therefore, and the Whig oligarchs, deprived of the means that had kept them in power for nearly half a century, collapsed.
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France ceded all Canada to Britain and all her territory west of the thirteen colonies, while in India the French were reduced to two small trading stations. It was a tremendous acquisition of empire.
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It was a political protest in Boston. The demonstrators, some disguised as American Indians, destroyed an entire shipment of tea sent by the East India Company, in defiance of the Tea Act of May 10, 1773. They boarded the ships and threw the chests of tea into Boston Harbor, ruining the tea. The British government responded harshly and the episode escalated into the American Revolution.
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France and Spain proclaimed themselves champions of American liberty and declared war on Britain.
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Britain ceded all her territory south of Canada to the thirteen colonies, which set about transforming themselves into the United States of America with Washington as their president. The date is an approximation.
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The independence of the Thirteen Colonies in North America in 1783 after the American War of Independence caused Britain to lose some of its oldest and most populous colonies. British attention soon turned towards Asia, Africa, and the Pacific.
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With an incomparable grasp of world strategy and complete confidence in himself, began to organize the conduct of the war.
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The Victorian era of British history (and that of the British Empire) was the period of Queen Victoria's reign from 20 June 1837 until her death, on 22 January 1901. It was a long period of peace, prosperity, refined sensibilities and national self-confidence for Britain.
