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The direct predecessor of the modern bicycle was the crank-operated, crank-free model, which became popular in France.
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An improved model of this machine, designed by a Scotsman, took the name of "dalzell", very used in Great Britain.
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The Scottish Kirkpatrick Macmillan added the levers and pedals to a machine like the Draisian.
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The "dandy horse" was created. Later French, German and British inventors introduced improvements. In England, these early models became known as rockers.
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A German nobleman designed the first two-wheeled vehicle with steering device.
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A Frenchman invented the "célerifère", a wooden frame to which wheels were added.
