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Hans Lippershey invented the first telescope. He made the device with a three times magnification using two concave lenses.
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Galileo Galilei used a telescope to study the night sky. He was the first to realize that the moon isn't completely flat and it actually has craters.
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Sir Isaac Newton invented the first refracting telescope and was able to see clearer into space. The image was much clearer because he replaced the typical lenses of a telescope with mirrors.
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William Herschel built a newer and larger telescope than Sir Isaac Newton's refracting telescope. Herschel was able to discover that the star he was looking at was actually a planet, Uranus.
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George Hale began creating telescopes in France. He consructed the 60 inch Hale Telescope at the Mount Wilson Observatory.
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George Hale founded the Mount Wilson Observatory after creating his 60 inch telescope. The observatory was formerly the world's largest telescope but is now replaced by Gran Telescopio Canarias.
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Edwin Hubble discovered that galaxies are actually movie farther and farther apart (The Red Shift). He also discovered that there are more galaxies out there other than the Milky Way. Hubble worked at the Mount Wilson Observatory.
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Penzias and Wilson discovered Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation. This was later linked with satellites and WMAP. This helped further more discoveries.
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The Hubble Space Telescope is still active today within Earth's orbit. The telescope observes visible, infared and ultraviolet light specra.
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The Wilkonson Microwave Anisotropy Probe was a 9 year mission ending in 2010. It has successfully mapped microwave background radiation over the sky and determined 71.4% of our universe is made up of dark energy.