technology cycle 6th grade CALCULATORS

first calculator

1642

research: from vintagecalculators.com) this the first calculator. made by Blaise Pascal started to develop a mechanical calculator - the Pascaline. Capable of addition, subtraction was performed by nines-complement addition, and multiplication was performed by repeated additions and subtractions. but it failed to sell.

The Comptometer

1886

(research from vintagecalculators.com) Dorr E. Felt invents the Comptometer, the first working key-driven adding and calulating machine. he joined with Robert Tarrant to make the Felt and Tarrant Manufacturing Company which went on to make thousands of Comptometers. he made this in 1886

ANITA Mk VII

1945

research: vintagecalculators.com The ANITA Mk VII was the world's first electronic desktop calculator. Manufactured by the Bell Punch in England, it was announced in Germany in October 1961, and was sold mainly in continental Europe
Development of these calculators was started in 1956 under Norbert Kitz, who had worked on the pilot version of the ACE computer project in the 1940s.
The name ANITA, stands for "A New Inspiration To Arithmetic"

Curta Type I. FIRST PORTABLE CALCULATOR

1948

(resarch: vintagecalculators.com) Made in Liechtenstein 1948 - 1972.
the Curta is a gear type calculator capable of the four functions, and more using special techniques. it is technicly the first portable calculator.

1970 Hand-held calculators take off. All very expensive.

1970

(research: vintagecalculators.com) these include:
Sanyo ICC-0081, Sharp EL-8, but very expensive. First use of "calculator on a chip" introduced by Mostek of Dallas - used in Busicom Junior (desk calculator) and starts the making of the first pocket sized electronic calculator, the Busicom LE-120A.

Rapid development of electronic calculators and reduction in price.

1972

EL-805S

1973

(research: vintagecalculators.com) First Sharp "COS" (Crystal on Substrate) reflective LCD calculators

Hewlett-Packard HP-65

1974

(reasearch: vintage calculator.com) This was the first hand-held programmable calculator. Programs can be stored on magnetic cards, though these had been used before with desktop programmable calculators.

Mechanical calculator manufacture has practically ceased. Mass production makes electronic calculators very cheap.

1975

the Sharp EL-8026 "Sun Man"

1976

The first calculators equipped with solar cells (used to charge the internal batteries)

The modern calculator.

2000

made in modern times, these are the average calculators you can rely on.