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The British are notorious for their many colonies all over the world. That is a leading factor for why so many countries speak english. The british colonialism started in the 16th century when Great Britain established their first colonies in
America. https://www.britannica.com/place/British-Empire -
Queen Elizabeth 1 of the great britain started the East India Company to expand the Britain-India trade. English was the preferred language for trading. There was a problem that some words had different meanings in British English and Indian English. To solve this problem a dictionary called Hobson Jobson was created, which explained those words.
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In 1620, the English arrived in the Carribean with slaves from africa, which they sold at auctions. To better communicate with the slaves a simplified version of english was created, called Creole. Some words from Creole, like tobacco and hammock made their way to regular English
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The fleet contained ships transporting criminals, who were sentenced to live the rest of their lives in Australia and were forbidden to return. Many died due to the unfamiliar climate and soil.