Spheres of Influence

  • Our War of 1812

    Our War of 1812
    Our War of 1812 with Great Britain was fought in part to annex Canada.
  • The 1823 Monroe Doctrine

    The 1823 Monroe Doctrine
    The 1823 Monroe Doctrine placed all of North and South America off limits for new European colonization. It asserted that the United States might resort to war against any European nation that interfered with the independence of newly formed states in Central and South America that had emerged from rebellions against Spanish or Portuguese colonization
  • President James K. Polk justified the Mexican-American War

    President James K. Polk justified the Mexican-American War
    In 1846, President James K. Polk justified the Mexican-American War to expand our borders by falsely asserting that an American soldier had been killed on American soil by the Mexican military. General Ulysses S. Grant condemned the war as “wicked” in his War Memoirs.
  • hawiiiiiiiiiiiiiii

    In 1893, the United States collaborated in the overthrow of Hawaii’s monarchy. Annexation followed five years later.
  • spanish american war

    The 1898 Spanish-American War was fought to expand our sphere of influence in the Caribbean and the Pacific. We acquired the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico. We occupied Cuba militarily until it enshrined the conditions of the Platt Amendment in the Cuban Constitution. Among other things, they required granting the United States a permanent naval base at Guantanamo Bay, and authorizing us to intervene in Cuban affairs for “the preservation of Cuban independence
  • panama

    The United States intervened militarily in Panama from 1903-1914 to secure its independence from Colombia, and to negotiate a treaty to construct and exercise sovereignty over the Panama Canal.
  • General John Pershing’s northern expedition

    From 1914-1917, the United States intervened militarily in Mexico, including the capture of Vera Cruz and General John Pershing’s northern expedition, in response to Pancho Villa’s raids.
  • 1961 bay of pigs invasion

    1961 bay of pigs invasion
    In 1961, the United States launched the ill-starred Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro.
  • quarantined the shipment of Soviet offensive missiles

    In 1962, the United States quarantined the shipment of Soviet offensive missiles to Cuba to force the dismantling of Soviet missiles already there when the United States had Jupiter nuclear-tipped ballistic missiles aimed at the USSR along its border with Turkey.
  • collaborated in the overthrow and killing of Chilean President

    In 1973, we collaborated in the overthrow and killing of Chilean President Salvador Allende because we opposed his Marxist-Socialist politics.
  • we supported the Contras militarily to fight the government of Nicaragua

    From 1981-1986, we supported the Contras militarily to fight the Sandinista government of Nicaragua because of its political hostility to the United States.
  • invaded Grenada

    In 1983, we invaded Grenada to oppose a Marxist government.