SPED Law Timeline

  • Brown vs. Board of Education

    Brown vs. Board of Education

    This court case pointed out the issues that come from the separate but equal idea, as education was not equal when students were separate. This setup led to significant growth in the civil rights movement and the special education rights movement. It established the idea that students should not be separated, even if they are “different from each other," and that it is key to provide students with the same education in the same environment, as that’s what actually helps students.
  • PARC vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Consent Decree

    PARC vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Consent Decree

    This court case was a turning point for the education of students with mental disabilities. It was the Pennsylvania Association for retarded citizens against Pennsylvania. It declared that certain laws were unconstitutional and that you had to have publicly funded free education for students with disabilities. This eventually led to the EHA and IDEA. It pointed out that laws were holding back children with disabilities and that they were not allowing these children’s rights to be.
  • Mills vs. Board of Education

    Mills vs. Board of Education

    This court case focused on the cost of educating disabled children in public education. Specifically, with the cost associated with these accommodations. This case allowed for students with disabilities the same right to education, regardless of what the cost to the school or district might be, which then ramped up federal education costs to help schools. This helped children to be able to have a good education and not feel they were a burden on the school system.
  • Section 504 Rehabilitation Act

    Section 504 Rehabilitation Act

    This act is a national law protecting individuals from being discriminated against based on their disability. It applies to employers as well as other organizations, including schools and any organizations that receive federal funding from the US. It allows individuals not to be excluded or denied services or opportunities, either as a patient, student, or employee. It allows those to get equal opportunity to others and ensures these individuals have opportunities later in life.
  • Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act

    Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act

    This act provides families and students with protection within the school system not to be exploited. This includes things such as protecting legal documents and accommodations for students with and without disabilities. This was important as students with disabilities were often being seen as a burden. This act allows these students to feel comfortable seeking support for their education. As well as families not being obligated to prove things that are necessary for the education of a child.
  • Education for All Handicapped Children Act

    Education for All Handicapped Children Act

    This act supports a free public education for all handicapped children. It focused on the right that children are required to be evaluated and can develop an individualized plan that involves the parents and children in education. These individualized education plans involve the child’s education and goals for their own program. This connects academics in school to families. It allows families to have input over their child's education that can be supported by school resources.
  • Burlington vs. DOE

    Burlington vs. DOE

    This court case showed the importance of the review of a student's individual IEP. It matters for the benefit of the child so that they are matched well with the appropriate school to fit their needs. This case went over how parents should not have to pay extra in order to get their child the best fit for their accommodations. And this is the duty of the school system and the parents to make a plan, even if more complex.
  • Americans with Disabilities Act

    Americans with Disabilities Act

    This act saw to focus on multiple things. Including employment, public services, accommodations, communication, and transportation, For employees, it helped them access opportunities and benefits. For operations and services, it made modifications to things so that any person could easily access them. This provided more opportunities for communication and transportation, so that individuals could seek things like resources, services, and education.
  • Olmstead vs. L.C.

    Olmstead vs. L.C.

    This case stemmed from two women experience that had been confined to a mental institution. This decision focused on the idea that segregation of people's disabilities was necessary, whereas it is unjustified. It then decided on three things. The community-based services for these individuals should be appropriate and that it does not affect others' treatment, and they should account for the resources that are needed to be available to these individuals.
  • No Child Left Behind Act

    No Child Left Behind Act

    This was signed by George W. Bush with the intention of uplifting the standards for student measures. The idea stemmed from students falling behind. But it is now seen as something that didn’t quite go well. Later on, Obama signed the law out of office and brought in a newer idea known as the Every Student Succeeds Act. It had the same idea to support students and keep them at a higher standard. But looked at education reform rather than things such as standardized tests alone.