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Michelson and Morley fail to detect Earth's motion with respect to the Aether.
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Fitzgerald proposed that length contraction could account for the null result of Aether motion experiments.
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Albert Einstein publishes "On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies" where he proposes that previous experiments could be explained via all inertial observers seeing the same speed of light.
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Minkowski proposes the notion that relativity can be interpreted as time being a 4th dimension.