Special Education

  • Plessy v. Ferguson

    Created separate but equal, a historic happening that contributes to unequal racial distribution of special education students (Skiba, et al.).
  • Brown et al. V. Board of Education

    Found separate educational facilities to be inherently unequal. This related to segregation, not special education directly, but it is the foundation for special education today (Skiba, et al.).
  • Section 504

    Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 allows for students with a disability that does not qualify for an IEP to receive accommodation (Skiba, et al.).
  • IDEA

    The first special education legislation – Individuals with Disabilities Act, previously known as Education for All Handicapped Children Act (EHA).
  • Americans with Disabilities Act

    This act gives people with disabilities the same rights as everyone else, including in schools.
  • IDEA 97

    Reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act to address concerns with minorities (Skiba, et al.).
  • IDEA 2004

    Continuation of the 1997 act, IDEA 2004 aims to continue working on issues with minority representation. According to this act, states were responsible for monitoring disproportionate representation, and must give money to early intervention programs (Skiba, et al.).
  • Minorities and Least Restrictive Setting

    Skiba et al. Found that black students were not in the least restrictive setting at higher rates than peers with the same disabilities (Skiba, et al.).