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Launched by Russia, it was the first satellite ever launched into space. It was the beginning of the "Space Race."
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The first time man had left the Earth and landed on the Moon.
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Magellan was the first interplanetary mission launched from the Space Shuttle. Its mission is to map the planet Venus
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Launched from Europe, Ultsses went into orbit to study Earth's heliosphere
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Launched from America, its purpose was to study the moon. It orbited the moon for three months.
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Launches from Pasadena CA, it was a mission to study the planet Saturn
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Launched in Utah, it was used to study stardust, just like its name implies.
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Launched from Cape Canaveral, Fuse was sent out to study the Big Bang Theory of how solar systems are formed
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Launched in Germany, it was the first satellite to give precise gravity and magnetic field measurements
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Launched in Hampton VA, it used lasers to study Earth's atmosphere
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Launched from Cape Canaveral, Dawn's mission is to visit two planets (Vesta and Ceres) located in the asteroid belt. If successful, it will be the first satellite to orbit two bodies in space that doesn't include Earth.
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It was launched by America to study Earth's upper atmosphere
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Launched from Cape Canaveral, Fermi is a telescope that is studying gamma rays in space from a low Earth orbit
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Launched from Cape Canaveral, Kepler's mission is to see if there are other Earth sized planets in the universe
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Launched from Cape Canaveral, Juno's mission is to go around Jupiter and come back, collecting data along the way.
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SPUTNIK http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sputnik-1.htm
APOLLO http://www.space.com/17362-apollo-8.html
CLEMENTINE http://www.redorbit.com/news/space/316317/peaks_of_eternal_light_on_the_moon/
MAGELLAN http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/magellan.htm
ULYSSES http://science.nasa.gov/missions/ulysses/
CASSINI-HUYGENS http://www.aerospace-technology.com/projects/cassinihuygens-spacecraft/cassinihuygens-spacecraft3.html
FUSE http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/news/display.cfm?News_ID=23835 -
STARDUST http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/stardust/main/index-old-donotuse.html
CHAMP http://eospso.gsfc.nasa.gov/missions/challenging-mini-satellite-payload
CALIPSO http://spaceplace.nasa.gov/mission-chronicles/en/
DAWN http://thegalaxytoday.com/tag/dawn-mission/
CINDI http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/sunearth/missions/cindi-cnofs.html#.U0tIkLlOWM8
FERMI http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/GLAST/news/new-structure.html -