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Period: 1200 to 1453
Southernization in Mongolia
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Period: 1206 to 1259
Mongol Conquest
The Mongols were one of the grandest conquerors of the 13th century. They devastated Baghdad, the home of the Abbasid caliphate since the 8th century, and they captured Kiev, which weakened Byzantium even more. The had even captured China, Korea, and parts of Southeast Asia by the end of the century. They were cheered on by Europeans for wasting Mulsim powers and seemed unstoppable until they encountered Mamluks of Egypt at Damascus and the Japanese and Javanese in East and Southeast Asia -
Period: 1220 to 1310
Mongol Control of Overland Trade Routes
The Mongols controlled overland trade routes between Europe and Asia in the 13th and early 14th century -
1261
Genoese helped retake Constantinople
In 1261, the Genoese helped the Byzantines retake Constantinople from the Venetians, granting them access to Mongolian trade routes on the Black Sea. -
1300
Compass, Block Printing, Gunpowder, and Cannon appeared in Italy
Chinese technologies reached Italy, showing that these technologies were also found by the Mongols. They were likely introduced to them by the Arabs. -
1331
Bubonic Plague Spreads
in 1331, the Bubonic plague spreads to the black sea from Infected Mongolian post messenger. -
1346
Bubonic Plague reaches Black Sea Port
The Bubonic Plague reaches the Black Sea Port starting its chaos in Europe -
Period: 1350 to 1400
Unity of Mongolian Empire begins to fall
In the later part of the 14th century, the unity of the Mongolian empire begins to fall to new regional powers such as the Muslim Faith.