Anti aparthide

South Africa Anti-Aparthide

By kadertot
  • Period: to

    Anti-Apartide in South Africa

  • Period: to

    American CIvil Rights Movement

  • Afrikaan Job Crisis

    1. 1946: African mine workers are paid twelve times less than their white counterparts and are forced to do the most dangerous jobs. Over 75,000 Africans go on strike in support of higher wages. Police use violence to force the unarmed workers back to their jobs. Over 1000 workers are injured or killed.

  • Population Registration Act

    1. 1950: The Population Registration Act. This law classifies people into three racial groups: white, colored (mixed race or Asian), and native (African/black). Marriages between races are outlawed in order to maintain racial purity.

  • Preservation Of separate Amenities Act

    1. 1953: The Preservation of Separate Amenities Act establishes "separate but not necessarily equal" parks, beaches, post offices, and other public places for whites and non-whites. At right are signs for segregated toilets in English and Afrikaans.

  • Group Areas Act

    1. 1953: The Group Areas Act sets aside specific communities for each of the races (white, colored (mixed race or Indian), and native (African/black) ). The best areas and the majority of the land are reserved for whites. Non-whites are relocated into "reserves." Mixed-race families are forced to live separately.

  • Bantu Homelands Act

    1. 1953: The Bantu Homelands Act. Through this law, the white government declares that the lands reserved for black Africans are independent nations. In this way, the government strips millions of blacks of their South African citizenship and forces them to become residents of their new "homelands." Blacks are now considered foreigners in white-controlled South Africa, and need passports to enter. Blacks only enter to serve whites in menial jobs.

  • Bantu Education Act

    1. 1953: Bantu Education Act: Through this law, the white government supervises the education of all blacks. Schools condition blacks to accept white domination. Non-whites cannot attend white universities.

  • Abolition of Passes and Coordination of Documents Act.

    1. 1952: Abolition of Passes and Coordination of Documents Act. This misleadingly-named law requires all Africans to carry identification booklets with their names, addresses, fingerprints, and other information. Africans are frequently stopped and harassed for their passes. Between 1948-1973, over ten million Africans were arrested because their passes were "not in order." Burning pass books becomes a common form of protest

  • Sharpville Rebellion

    1960: A large group of blacks in the town of Sharpeville refused to carry their passes. The government declares a state of emergency and responds with fines, imprisonment, and whippings. In all, 69 people die and 187 people are wounded. The African political organizations, the African National Congress and the Pan-African Congress, are banned. 1962: The United Nations establishes the Special Committee Against Apartheid to support a political process of peaceful change.

  • Nelson Mandela Jailed

    1. 1963: Nelson Mandela, head of the African National Congress, is jailed.

  • Resistance increase.

    : Resistance to apartheid increases. Organizing by churches and workers increases. Whites join blacks in the demonstrations.

  • Steven Biko unifies students.

    1. 1970s: The all-black South African Students Organization, under the leadership of Steven Biko, helps unify students through the Black Consciousness movement.

  • soweto Uprising

    1. 1976: The Soweto uprising: People in Soweto riot and demonstrate against discrimination and instruction in Afrikaans, the language of whites descended from the Dutch. The police react with gunfire. 575 people are killed and thousands are injured and arrested. Steven Biko is beaten and left in jail to die from his injuries.

  • Blacks Flood PRohibited Lands

    1. 1980s: Hundreds of thousands of Africans who are banned from white-controlled areas ignore the laws and pour into forbidden regions in search of work. Civil disobedience, demonstrations, and other acts of protest increase.

  • Elections

    1991-1994 South Africa President F.W. de Klerk repeals the rest of the apartheid laws and calls for the drafting of a new constitution. A multiracial, multiparty transitional government is approved. Elections are held. The United Nations sends 2,120 international observers to ensure the fairness of the elections. The African National Congress, representing South Africa's majority black population. Nelson Mandela, the African resistance leader who had been jailed for 27 years, is elected P