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A majore catastrophic event occurs, Like a forrest fire.
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These are the first species to return to the devastated landscape, this is called a pioneer species. they then start dieing and decomposing becoming soil in a process called eutrophication.
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the lichens provided a base for various mosses and ferns
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Out of the soil made by the dead mosses and ferns grows grass
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out of the grass grows small shrubs and then taller shrubs
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small pine trees and eventualy a full blown coniferous forrest grows
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full blown climax ecosystem is formed