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1782-1840
Virtuoso violinist, big influence on Franz Liszt -
1792-1868
The most important opera composer of the early 19th century -
1797-1828
Austrian composer of Early Romantic era -
1803-1869
French composer and conductor. Very popular for his Symphonie Fantastique -
1805-1847
Female German pianist and composer of the Romantic period; Lots of her music had to be published under her brother's name. -
1810-1849
Polish pianist and composer; Mainly known for his piano compositions -
1810-1856
German composer and pianist -
1813-1883
German composer and conductor -
1813-1901
Italian opera composer -
1819-1896
Female German composer and pianist -
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A musician who specialized in one instrument and dazzled audiences with displays of technical mastery.
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A Programmatic work recounts a narrative or sequence of events
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Studies, usually focusing on technicality or expression, for one particular instrument. Piano etudes were most popular. Chopin and Liszt made etudes worthy of concert performance
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A song for singer and piano
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Depicts or suggests a mood, personality, or scene. One movement piece for solo piano
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One movement orchestral programmatic work
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The size of the orchestra increased dramatically, with forty players at the start of the century, with almost ninety by its end.
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Originally the orchestra was led by a harpsichord, or by the leader of the violins. Now, a conductor used a baton to beat time and cue entrances. The conductor also indicated tempo and shaped musical phrasing.
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Fixed Idea. A melody used in each movement. First used by Berlioz.
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Speeding up or slowing down of the tempo to be expressive
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1833-1897
German composer and pianist -
a Polish folk dance in triple meter often with a heavy accent on the second or third beat of each measure
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Bass brass instrument invented by Wilhelm Wieprecht and Johann Moritz. Became the bass of the orchestral brass section.
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1838-1875
French composer of Romantic Era -
1840-1893
Russian composer, one of the most influential of the Romantic Era -
A woodwind instrument made out of brass created by Adolphe Sax.
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A solo concert in a large hall. Term coined by Franz Liszt, who was the firs pianist to give these concerts.
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"Beautiful singing" coined by Rossini. Very dramatic singing style.
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Inspiring patriotic sentiments. Many composers wrote music symbolic of their nation, with other composers critiqued for not being nationalistic enough
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1841-1904
Czech composer, organist, and music theorist -
founded in 1842
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1843-1907
Hungarian composer and pianist; considered one of the greatest pianists ever -
Boehm system clarinet was patented. This is the system we use today.
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1860-1911
Austro-Bohemian composer -
1862-1918
French composer and pianist -
1864-1949
German composer -