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Beginning of 1800s - North
The North was industrial, railroads encoraged trade and immigrants moved into the cities to work in the factories. The North did not want slavery to expand. -
Beginning of 1800s- South
The South was based on agriculture, rivers were used for trade and they relied on slave labor on cotton plantations, which was the main cash crop -
Missouri Compromise of 1820
Any state lying south of 36degree 30' north latitude would be able to allow slavery. But California extended into both sides. -
Tariff of 1828 -North and South
The North were all for the tariffs because it added taxes to imported goods, which made the imported goods cost more than the goods from the North. The tariffs would force the South to buy their goods from the North. They depended on the North for their goods, which they despised. -
States' Rights vs. Federal Government
The South wanted state power (Nullification Theory). They feared too much power torwards the Federal Government. -
Underground Railroad
A network of people who helped slaves escape from the South to reach the North or Canada. Harriet Tubman was a very important "conductor". She herself was an escaped slave that made 19 trips back to the South to help hundreds of slaves receive their freedom. Ohio was very important to the Underground Railroad. It was a free state across the Ohio River from Kentucky, which was a slave state. -
Compromise of 1850
California was now a free state, popular sovereignty would decide on the issue of slaves in New Mexico and Utah Territories, and the Fugitive Slave Act forced citizens to help capture escaped slaves. The north was extremely angry with the Fugitive Slave Act. -
Founding of the Republican Party
The party opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act and fought to keep slavery out of new territories. -
Kansas-Nebraska Act
This act allowed the slavery issues in those two states be solved by popular sovereignty. This led to many conflicts and much violence. Anti-slavery and pro-slavery citizens came to these territories to influence the vote for each side. -
Dred Scott Decision
Dred Scott tried to sue for his freedom in the state of Illinois. He took his case to the Supreme Court after losing in a federal court in 1954. Justice Roger Taney determined that Scott was not a citizen, yet "property", which was protected in the Fifth Amendment. -
John Brown
Brown tried to lead a slave uprising and wanted to give slaves weapons to fight against their owners. He was captured and hung, the Southerners celebrated. The Northeners saw him as a martyr for freedom. -
Lincoln's Election in 1860
Lincoln was the first presedential candidate for the Republican Party. He stated before his election that he would work to prevent the spread of slavery to the West, btu would not try to end it in the South. His win scared the South so much that the Southern states began to secede. -
Anaconda Plan or Scott's Great Snake
The Union's plan to take over the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia. The Union wanted to control the Mississippi River. The Southern ports were blocked, which damaged the Southern economy due to the fact that export of cotton was impossible. The Southern army had very little supplies and food due to this.