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The Unted States and the Soviet Union agreed to divided the nation at the 38th parrallel. This created North and South Korea.
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By the end of WWII the Japanese Empire had fallen from influence. This left Korea without a formal government.
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World War Two comes to a end leaving the world a changed place. The allied powers prevailed, in the end. Now, many nations are left with no formal government. Korea is one, and this fact leads to major conflict.
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On June 25, 1950, the North comes over the 38th parallel to the South. They came early in the morning, behind a thunderous artillery barrage.
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"The Forgotten War". This war turned North against South, in a battle between Communism and Democracy. Major powers from around the world played huge roles in the war. The United Nations support went to the South. In the end, unity was not achieved, but an Armistice drawn up.
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After 3 months of fighting North Korea goes into retreat mode. This is not the end of violence, but a big step in that direction.
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The US National Security Council adopted a policy that commited the US to supporting a unified, democratic Korea. Not nessecarily one unified by military action.
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The armistice ceased the violence.
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On June 30, Truman annouced that he had been authorized to participate in “a meeting to discuss an armistice providing for the cessation of hostilities.”
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North Korea and China issued a joint statement that they would discuss arrangements for a meeting, but only at their place of choice: the city of Kaesŏng.