Project Management History

The Gantt Chart

1917

Developed by Karol Adamiecki in the mid 1890s, then popularized by Henry Gantt in the 1910s. Gantt.com. 2020. "Gantt Chart History." Accessed September 22, 2020. https://www.gantt.com/

Kanban Introduced in Toyota Factories

1949

Kanbantool. 2020. "A History of Kanban." Accessed September 21, 2020. https://kanbantool.com/kanban-guide/kanban-history

Critical Path Method

1957

James Kelley and Morgan Walker at DuPont Company develop Critical Path Method for scheduling and estimation. Kelley, J.E., Walker, M.R., & Sayer, J.S. 1989. "The Origins of CPM: A Personal History." PM Network, 3(2), 7-22. https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/origins-cpm-personal-history-3762

Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT)

1957

Established for US Navy Special Projects Office. Malcolm, D.G., Roseboom, J.H., Clark, C.E. & W. Fazar. 1959. "Application of a Technique for Research and Development Program Evaluation." Operations Research, Vol. 7(5). September-October 1959. 646-669.

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS)

1962

Created as part of Polaris mobile submarine-launched ballistic missile project, the WBS broke down project scope for estimating and scheduling purposes. Hamilton, R.L. 1964. "Study of Methods for Evaluation of the PERT/Cost Management system." MITRE Corporation, June 1964. https://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/603425.pdf

Project Management Institute Founded

1969

The Waterfall Method

1970

Royce, Dr. Winston W. 1970. "Managing the Development of Large Software Systems." Proceedings of IEEE WESCON, 26. August. 1-9. http://www-scf.usc.edu/~csci201/lectures/Lecture11/royce1970.pdf

First PM Software Published

1975

Apollo/Artemis (PERT scheduling system) from Metier Management Systems. "Did we create one of the first Personal Computers? Apollo had a processor, a VDU, a hard disc and a printer all in a rather tasteful desk!" Miller, James. n.d. "Metier Management Systems." JamesMiller.com. Accessed September 21, 2020. http://www.jamesmiller.com/artemis001.html

Scrum Methodology Introduced

1986

Introduction of the Scrum concept and methology in Takeuchi & Nonaka 1986. Takeuchi, Hirotaka and Nonaka, Ikujiro. 1986. "New New Product Development Game." Harvard Business Review. January. https://hbr.org/1986/01/the-new-new-product-development-game Wider American adoption at OOPSLA in 1995. VisualParadigm. 2020. "What is Agile Software Development?" Accessed September 21, 2020. https://www.visual-paradigm.com/guide/agile-software-development/what-is-agile-software-development/.

Projects in Controlled Environments (PRINCE) adopted as UK Standard

1989

Rapid Application Development published

1991

VisualParadigm. 2020. "What is Agile Software Development?" Accessed September 21, 2020. https://www.visual-paradigm.com/guide/agile-software-development/what-is-agile-software-development/.

DSDM Framework published

1995

VisualParadigm. 2020. "What is Agile Software Development?" Accessed September 21, 2020. https://www.visual-paradigm.com/guide/agile-software-development/what-is-agile-software-development/.

Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) First Edition Published

1996

Project Management Institute. 1996. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK® Guide). Newtown Square, PA: Project Management Institute.

eXtreme Programming (XP) Practices developed on C3 project

1996

VisualParadigm. 2020. "What is Agile Software Development?" Accessed September 21, 2020. https://www.visual-paradigm.com/guide/agile-software-development/what-is-agile-software-development/.

Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM)

1997

Eliyahu M Goldratt based on methods and algorithms of Theory of Constraints. Goldratt, Dr. Eliyahu. 1997. Critical Chain. Barrington: North River Press.

PMBOK becomes ANSI Standard

1998

Extreme Programming Explained published

1999

VisualParadigm. 2020. "What is Agile Software Development?" Accessed September 21, 2020. https://www.visual-paradigm.com/guide/agile-software-development/what-is-agile-software-development/.

Adaptive Software Development published

1999

Highsmith III, James. 1999. Adaptive Software Development: A Collaborative Approach to Managing Complex Systems. New York: Dorset House Publishing.

The Manifesto for Agile Software Development Published

2001

Beck, Kent, et al. 2001. Manifesto for Agile Software Development. Accessed September 22, 2020. https://agilemanifesto.org/.

Lean Software Development: An Agile Toolkit for Software Development Managers

2003

VisualParadigm. 2020. "What is Agile Software Development?" Accessed September 21, 2020. https://www.visual-paradigm.com/guide/agile-software-development/what-is-agile-software-development/.

Crystal Clear: A Human-Powered Methodology for Small Teams

2004

Cockburn, Alastair. 2004. Crystal Clear: a Human-Powered Methodology for Small Teams. Addison-Wesley. Harlow, Essex, U.K. VisualParadigm. 2020. "What is Agile Software Development?" Accessed September 21, 2020. https://www.visual-paradigm.com/guide/agile-software-development/what-is-agile-software-development/.

Total Cost Management Framework (AACE)

2006

Updated in 2015. AACE International. 2020. "Total Cost Management (TCM) Framework: An Integrated Approach to Project, Program, and Portfolio Management." Accessed September 22, 2020. https://web.aacei.org/resources/publications/tcm