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Laws restricting the rights of black people in America. Generally included physical segregation, voter suppression, anti-miscegenation laws, and other "black codes". -
College founded by Booker T. Washington for the education of young black Americans -
A law that banned Chinese immigration to the USA. Used competition for jobs as justification. -
Law designed to reduce railroad monopolies. Required that RRs not over-inflate their prices, but did not allow rates to be fixed by the government. -
Residential complex designed to improve the living and working conditions of immigrants. Meant to stand in opposition to the harsh conditions of contemporary tenements and factories and prove that better conditions were feasible. -
Law that prohibited monopolies from forming and laid the framework to break up existing monopolies. -
Supreme Court case that established "separate but equal", a segregationist policy that allowed black people to be forced into lower-quality, all-black schools, transportation, neighborhoods, etc. -
Progressive-Era journalists who attempted to expose the conditions of mines, meat-packing plants, textile factories, tenements, and other forms of exploitation within Gilded-Age society. -
A set of programs and policies pushed by President Roosevelt, primarily focusing on conservation, limitations to corporate power, and consumer protection. -
William McKinley, 25th president, was shot and killed by anarchist Leon Czolgosz, six months into McKinley's second term, at the Buffalo, NY Pan-American Exposition. -
United Mine Workers of America declare a strike in Pennsylvania. Resulted in a 10% pay increase and a 9-hour workday. Teddy Roosevelt served as a neutral arbitrator between the strikers and the mine company, which did not recognize the union. -
A book (originally a magazine serial) documenting the corruption of J. D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil company. Credited with accelerating the push for the breakup of Standard Oil. -
Group of educated black Americans who fought to end segregation, promote civil rights, and opposed the "Atlanta Compromise". -
Book documenting horrific conditions of a meat-packing plant, including the incorporation of fillers, toxic chemicals, and regular injuries occurring on-site. Originally intended to expose the exploitative working conditions of the factory, but the public was more interested in its disgusting descriptions of meat products. -
Consumer protection law designed to ensure quality and safety of food products, ban false advertising, regulate what could be sold as medicine, and punish companies that included harmful substances in their food. -
Grants the president the power to establish national monuments. Has been used over 100 times to date. -
Required that meat be slaughtered and processed in sanitary conditions, established regulations regarding what additives were allowed in meat, and prevented the mislabeling or false advertisement of meat products. -
Supreme Court case that endorsed Oregon's law restricting the rights of women to work freely. Oregon's limit on the working hours of women was upheld, and women's right to freely negotiate contracts was rejected. -
Civil rights organization created by leaders such as W. E. B. DuBois, Ida B. Wells, and Thurgood Marshall. Opposed all forms of segregation and the "Atlanta Compromise". -
Roosevelt did not run for a second term, instead endorsing William Howard Taft, who won by a large margin in the 1908 election. -
Civil rights organization founded by leaders such as Ruth Standish Baldwin and Dr. George Edmund Haynes. Very active in the administration of FDR and the later Civil Rights movement. -
A fire broke out in a clothing factory, killing 146 workers (mostly Italian and Jewish immigrant women). Many of the deaths were due to the fact that the factory owners had a policy of locking the doors during work hours to stop employees from leaving. -
Allowed a federal income tax without the requirement that it be apportioned to the states by population -
Democratic candidate who won the 1912 election against the incumbent Taft. He was more progressive than most of his party, but was pro-segregation and led the country into WWI. -
Established direct election of US senators, instead of the old system in which they were chosen by state legislatures. -
AKA the Revenue Act of 1913, replaced tariffs with a national income tax. -
Created the Federal Reserve, which would serve as the United States' central bank. Designed to ensure events like the panic of 1907 did not occur again. -
A style of battle characterized by semi-permanent trenches from which both sides would intermittently launch attacks. Little ground was gained or lost, and casualties were far higher than in traditional warfare. -
An executive department responsible for setting and enforcing labor rights, statistics, and wage and hour standards. Contains OSHA and other regulatory agencies the ensure labor laws are followed by businesses. -
Signed into law by President Wilson, established the FTC. -
Law that strengthened the antitrust protections of the prior Sherman antitrust act. Its primary purpose was to prevent monopolies forming, instead of waiting for them to grow and dismantling them later. -
Independent executive agency that enforces consumer protections and antitrust laws. -
Pro-segregation and pro-slavery film depicting the Civil War as a "war of northern aggression", claiming that slaves enjoyed their enslavement, and advocating for the "Lost Cause" myth. Wildly popular at time of release (even being shown in the White House), led to the resurgence of the Ku Klux Klan due to its positive portrayal of Klansmen. -
In the aftermath of Birth of a Nation, Klan membership rose dramatically. Between reconstruction and this time, the Klan was a small and fringe group, but they now resumed their activity including lynchings, demonstrations of their numbers at the Capital, voter suppression, and the repression of black politicians. -
British ocean liner carrying American civilian passengers. Strongly contributed to the USA entering WWI, though this would not happen immediately. -
Early activist in opposition to Jim Crow laws, eventually endorsed the "Atlanta Compromise" which promoted entrepreneurship and education but did not challenge segregation. -
Secret message from Germany to Mexico urging the latter to enter WWI on the Central Powers' side in exchange for conquering territory from the USA. Was intercepted and prompted widespread American support for entering the war. -
President Wilson addresses a joint session of Congress, advocating that they declare war on the Central Powers. -
Law prohibiting Americans from endorsing enemies of the USA during wartime, punishing interference with recruitment and military operations, and preventing insubordination. -
Now-overruled Supreme Court decision that Congress cannot regulate working conditions. This occurred specifically in response to the Keating-Owen Act, which attempted to stifle child labor. -
Speech outlining Woodrow Wilson's ideas for ending WWI and preventing future wars like it. These included democracy, self-determination, and free trade. -
Expanded on the Espionage Act, prohibiting any anti-government or anti-war speech. Also punished anyone openly opposing war bonds and the use of "disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive language" against the USA. -
Day when WWI ended with a peace agreement between Germany and the Allied Powers. -
Created Prohibition of alcohol. -
Conference in which Germany formally surrendered, ceding certain territories and being forced to pay reparations to the Allied Powers. It also restricted Germany's military, allowed the Allies to occupy certain parts of the country, and established the League of Nations. -
President Wilson suffered a stroke, preventing him from seeking a third term as he'd intended. -
The US Senate rejected the Treaty of Versailles as it opposed formation of the League of Nations. -
International union designed to prevent future wars, but had little power and was not universally recognized. -
Recognized women's right to vote.