- 
  
  Konrad Zuse
 engineering
- 
  
  formula translator
 John Backus
 scientific applications that require extensive mathematical computations.
- 
  
  Charles Katz
 AT-3
 providing algebraic-style expressions and floating-point arithmetic, and arrays rather than record structures.
- 
  
  Grace Murray Hopper
 common business oriented language
 popular for business applications that run on large computers.
- 
  
  Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
 Developed by John Kemeney and Thomas Kurtz
 mid 1960's
 Business applications
- 
  
  list processor
 artificial intelligence applications.
 John McCarthy
- 
  
  Niklaus
 affinity to structured programming
- 
  
  Wally Feurzeig and Seymour Papert
- 
  
  Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie
- 
  
  late 1970's to 1980's
 Augusta Ada
 Business Applications, Rocket guidance Systems
- 
  
  Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs in the mid 1970s.
 business programs to engineering
- 
  
  Robin Milner
 develop proof tactics in the LCF theorem prover
- 
  
  structured query language
 requesting information from a database
- 
  
  Bjarne Stroustrup. graphical applications
- 
  
  Microsoft
 graphical programming environment and a paint metaphor for developing user interfaces.
- 
  
  Sun Microsystems (green team)
 handheld devices and set-top boxes
- 
  
  Guido van Rossum
 operating system platforms
- 
  
  Hypertext Preprocessor
 open source, server-side, HTML embedded scripting language used to create dynamic Web pages.
 Rasmus Lerdorf
- 
  
  Netscape
 enable Web authors to design interactive sites
- 
  
  generate native code for several platforms
 Embarcadero Technologies
- 
  
  Report Program Generator
 IBM
 generating reports from data.