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Baron Jons Jackob Berzelius discovers silicon (Si), which today is the basic component of processors. Link text
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Nikola Tesla patents electrical logic circuits called "gates" or "switches". Link text
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John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invent the first transistor at the Bell Laboratories. Link text
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John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley patent the first transistor. Link text
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The first integrated circuit is first developed by Robert Noyce of Fairchild Semiconductor and Jack Kilby of Texas Instruments. The first IC was demonstrated on September 12, 1958. Link text
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Intel Corporation is founded by Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore. Link text
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Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) is founded on May 1, 1969. Link text
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Intel with the help of Ted Hoff introduces the first microprocessor, the Intel 4004 on November 15, 1971. The 4004 had 2,300 transistors, performed 60,000 operations per second (OPS), addressed 640 bytes of memory, and cost $200.00. Link text
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AMD, Intel, and many other companies release new processors left and right, with better and better technology every year, constant innovations are made to the CPU. Link text