-
Period: to
1945 SOVIET ACTIONS:Iran
Ussr remains in Iran after stopping seizure of Persian Oil Fields to encourage separatist movements
US sees as Stalin trying to create sphere of influence, world conquest perception -
Period: to
POLISH ISSUE:Tehran Conference
USSR absorbs part of eastern Poland, Poland gets part of Eastern Gr, said by Churchill. Roosevelt doesn't object due to Polish-American votes
Appears west understood USSR need for land -
GR QNS:Morgenthau Plan
Roosevelt endorsed this, the de-industrialisation and pastrolisation of Germany
Good for USSR, but Roosevelt later changes this -
Period: to
POLISH ISSUE: Fourth Moscow Conference, % agreement
Br 90% influence in Greece, Ussr 90% influence in Romania, 75% in Bulgari. Roosevelt doesn't oppose
Appears west understands Stalin's need for security and resources -
Period: to
SOVIETISATION
-
DOLLAR DIPLOMACY: $6 billion loan request
Requested by Ussr from US. US imposes conditions
Ussr sees as threat to economy,ideology and security -
Period: to
POLISH ISSUE: Yalta Conference
Rejection of Polish border revision, include London Poles in Lublin Committee, free polish elections, Stalin signs Declaration of Liberated Europe
Stalin saw only for public relations, agreements not implemented properly
Roosevelt doubts possiblity of working with Ussr post-war
Stalin confused and angered by changing Western policy, but perception may not have changed from before? -
1945: SOVIET ACTIONS: Trieste
Marshall Tito invades
US misunderstands this as case of Soviet expansionism -
Reshuffling of Truman's cabinet
To follow the crystallised view that communists were aggresive and ideologically driven. Henry Wallace,Secretary of Commerce and Jane Byrnes, Secretary of State replaced by George Marshall and Dean Acheson respectively -
Period: to
ATOMIC DIPLOMACY: Potsdam conference
Truman offers info on a-bmb to Ussr if Ussr-controlled govts in Bulgaria and Romania reorganized
Ideology, security and economic threat to Ussr -
$ DIPLOMACY:$1 billion loan
Futher request 'lost' by US state department
Increase Ussr conviction US unwilling to cooperate after WW2, also economic threat -
1945 SOVIETS ACTION: Korea
Soviet troops move into Korea, US quickly occupies South due to fears of Ussr intentions.
Stalin doesn't object, Ussr still willing to cooperate -
1945 SOVIETS ACTIONS: Manchuria
50 000 US Marines sent to North China to help KMT in rxn to Ussr giving CCP Japanese wpns
Covert act of expansion by Ussr caused distrust with US -
World War 2 ends
Beginning of USSR-west cooperation? -
$ DIPLOMACY: Lend-Lease termination
Lend-Lease: aid from US to it's allies, including Ussr
Soviets more desperate for econmic aid, threat to already ramshackle economy -
Period: to
A DIPLOMACY: Soviet-Anglo-American Communique
The later conference that resulted in re-organization of Bulgaria and Romania governments. Not due to Potsdam offer
Ussr unruffled by US request and indication of being faster in nuclear arms race -
$ DIPLOMACY: Soviets don't join IMF and World Bank
IMF: International Monetary Fund
Due to perception that US doesn't want 2 help Soviet economic recovery -
LONG TELEGRAMME
Analysed the communist government. Identifying it's economic weaknesses. Truman took this to emphasize the Soviets as ideologically aggresively driven. This solidfied US policy makers oerceptions of the Ussr and made cooperation between the 2 more difficult -
LONG TELEGRAMME: Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech
To harden attitude of US public
Stalin called Churchill warmonger but had no other action. Increased tensions -
Period: to
1945 SOVIET ACTIONS: Greece Civil War
Involvement of Greek Communists(KKE) made US fear Ussr involvement
US misunderstands this as case of Soviet expansionism -
GR QNS:Reparations to US to Soviet zone stops
General Clay, Commander-in-Chief of US zone annouces this.
Would appear to be trying to weaken USSR by US -
$ DIPLOMACY: Negotiations ended
between US and Ussr
shows Ussr fully believes US will not help them recover economy -
LONG TELEGRAMME: Clifford-Elsey Report
Highlighted Soviet aggresion in Iran and Manchuria
Justified US policy makers decisions -
GR QNS:Restatement of Policy on Germany
Speech by J.F. Byrnes, United States Secretary of State
Germany is linchpin of Europe and therefore needs to recover for Europe to recover
USSR sees Germany as threat to security and ideology. -
Baruch Plan
Regarding inspection of atomic energy installations in UN member states in effort to regulate atomic energy. Demanded Soviet info while US could stay silent.
Was an explict attempt to taunt Soviets. US seen as no longer willing to cooperate with Ussr -
TRUMAN DOCTRINE
US to help any who are threatened by Communism
Cooperation was nearly impossible due to this. However, no immediate change in Ussr foreign policy towards US -
NATO: Brussels Pact
By 5 European countrie: Br, Fr, Belgium,the Netherlands and Luxembourg. However, Br and Fr recognised the defense of western Europe would only work with US participation. Thus, this became a precursor to Nato -
MARSHALL PLAN
To contain communism and create a captive European economy for US goods. Ussr was at first willing to participate but soon objected.
Ussr saw this as an attempt to create an US economic empire, a threat to their economy,ideology and security -
Period: to
BERLIN BLOCKADE
A point where the cold war ,ay have turned hot. This was narrowly avoided through the use of planes dropping in supplies to the Berliners. The blockade was a failure and taken down, however it ended any hope of agreement between East and West Gr, and parallel the forboding future.
Increased tensions and helped to prevent futher cooperation between the east and west -
NATO
Began military spilt between the east and west
Helped solidfy the non-cooperation between the US and the Ussr -
A DIPLOMACY: Ussr Atomic programme ends
Ussr unintimidated by Potsdam offer -
NATO:Warsaw Pact
Took a while before Ussr reacted to NATO, perhaps it provesNATO was less important?
