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  The evolution of satellite navigation using GPS.(Navigation )
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  The deep ocean floor exploration and the beginnings of Plate Tectonic Theory.(scientific research)(navigation)
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  The U.S. scientists develop 1st nuclear submarine.(scientific research)(Military)
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  when scientific resources were mobilized.(Scientific research)
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  The U.S. invents the echo-sounder which was used as a submarine detector.(Navigation)
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  Evinrude of U.S. invents outboard engine.( scientific research)
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  The Evinrude of U.S. invents outboard engine.(navigation)
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  When they start operations with the first ship built to serve as oceanographic research.(Scientific searchers)(Navigation)
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  The established of the U.S. fish commission can assist in the regulation and protection of fish stocks.(Navigation)
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  That happened in Europe for the first 1000 years to advance Man's knowledge of the sea although shipbuilding improved significantly in the latter part of the Middle Ages.(Navigation)