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Niels Bohr (1885-1962)
The contemplimentary principle demonstrated that reality can be best explained by viewing two independent models that compliment each other; for example, how protons behave both as waves and particles. Bohr notated the limitations of experimental observation by concluding that, 'an independent reality in the ordinary physical sense can neither be ascribed to the phenomena nor to the agencies of observation' (Bohr, 1961). By combining two properties, it provides a complete framework of a concept. -
Thomas Kuhn (1922-1996)
Thomas Kuhn published The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (SSR) in 1962 which introduced paradigms and their role for a scientific revolution...Kuhn’s contribution to the philosophy of science is the implementation of the SSR and paradigms that allow scientists to question and investigate normal science. “A paradigm without discrepancies or gaps would leave no role for further research.” (Anand, 2020).