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Because of the Emergency Banking Act, banks were closed down in order to stabilize the banking system. This was in result of rapid withdrawal of funds by civilians, which many banks could not keep up with, which led to bankruptcy. The bank's finances were checked in order to ensure they were sound and fit to re-open. Roosevelt, during this time of bank closings, gave “fireside chats” to reassure the public that things were ok and the banks were going to have their money.
-Relief -
The CCC was created in order to solve problems relating to unemployment. Funds were set aside by the government that were used to hire unemployed young men. These men were given jobs working on public works, such as building bridges, planting trees, reforestation, and more. Additionally, some of the workers’ earnings could be sent back to their families to support them.
-Relief -
The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) was a corporation that helped to provide government facilities to manage flood control, navigation, and provide cheap electricity. It hired thousands of very poor people to work on dams, power plants, control flooding and erosion, and manufacture fertilizer.
-Relief -
The Public Works Administration (PWA) was similar to the CCC in the sense that it provided jobs for the unemployed. What differentiated the PWA from the CCC, however, was that the PWA mostly focused on more large-scale infrastructure projects such as airports, dams, schools, and libraries. The PWA also occasionally hired private companies to complete these projects, while the CCC leaned heavily on hiring young men.
-Recovery -
The National Recovery Administration (NRA) was an administration led by Hugh Johnson that was focused on recovering relations between workers and employers. It was aimed at guaranteeing more responsible profits for businesses, and fairer wages for workers. It established codes for wages, hours of work, child labor, level of production, and prices of goods.
-Recovery -
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The Resettlement Administration was created to address rural poverty. It relocated farm families like those affected by the Dust Bowl to more productive land and provided them with technical and financial assistance. A large part of it was putting submarginal farmland to good use like by making conservation and reforestation projects
-Recovery -
The Work Progress Administration was an agency that provided jobs to millions of unemployed Americans. It funded public works projects like building roads, bridges, and schools. The goal was to give people work rather than handouts, with the wages being a bit higher than relief programs.
-Recovery -
The Wagner Act was a US labor law that guaranteed the right of employees to organize unions, bargain collectively, and collective action like strikes. This Act also established the National Labor Relations Board to enforce the law. Employers were also prohibited from interfering with union activities or discriminating against workers.
-Reform -
The Revenue Act of 1935 raised taxes on high incomes to fund programs for the New Deal. It significantly increased income taxes to the rich, with upwards of a 75% tax for people making over $5 million. It also raised corporate income taxes. This act was also part of a broader effort to reduce income inequality.
-Reform -
The Rural Electrification Administration was established with the goal of providing electricity to rural areas. To do so, this administration provided low-interest loans to help local electric cooperatives build and maintain power systems. These efforts also provided relief to rural families, which lacked some of the modern conveniences that were present in more urban living areas.
-Reform