Mussolini Timeline

Formation of an independent Italy

Mar 17, 1861

This picture was chosen to represent the formation of an independent Italy because it visually shows the geographical change before and after Italy’s independence.

Papal States taken over by new nation of Italy

Sep 1, 1870

This picture was chosen to represent the Papal States taken over by Italy because you can visibly see the decrease in land mass of the Papal states over the time period of about 45-50 years.

Failure of First Italo-Ethiopian War with the Battle of Adowa (Adwa)

Mar 1, 1896

This picture was chosen to represent the first failure of the Italo-Ethiopian War because it shows the industrial Italians against the indigenous Ethiopians. It further depicts both sides suffering losses but in the end, the Ethiopians came out victorious.

Italy invades and takes over Libya

Oct 4, 1911

This picture represents the Italian takeover of Libya thought the harsh caption which mentions Libyan citizens being sent to concentration camps. This harsh imagery and caption show the jarring extent of the violence the Italians used to seize power.

Mussolini begins work as editor for the Socialist Party newspaper Avanti

1912

This image displays Mussolini’s role in the Socialist newspaper because it depicts Mussolini’s name across the top highlighting his significant role in the newspaper’s production.

Mussolini kicked out of Socialist Party for pro-nationalistic sentiments regarding WW I

Oct 1, 1914

This image represents Mussolini getting kicked out of the Socialist party. The news is displayed here in a newspaper and this is ironic because Mussolini wrote for the socialist newspaper and now he is kicked out and still written about in the newspaper.

Treaty of London

Apr 26, 1915

This picture represents the Treaty of London because it shows the borders of the countries involved and how they would be affected geographically by the treaty.

Beginning of Biennio Rosso

Jan 1, 1919

This picture represents the beginning of Biennio Rosso because it depicts the groups of people banning together to oppose the government and their policies.

Fascio di Combattimento formed in Milan

Mar 23, 1919

The picture shows the notion of fascism present in Fascio di Combattimento which states that they are stronger together rather than apart. Also, it shows the union of people with many different beliefs united against the liberal government.

D’Annunzio takes Fiume

Sep 12, 1919

The poster protests the terms of the WW1 treaties which did not give Italy promised land. Shows the Italian nationalism of the time and the bitterness left by the result of WW1.

Mussolini forms alliance with Giolitti

Jan 1, 1921

This image describes the fear of socialism that the Italians feared. Both Benito Mussolini and Giolitti used that fear to gain popularity by forming a union.

12. Mussolini forms the PNF (Fascist Party) and is elected its leader

Nov 9, 1921

The image signifies Benito Mussolini’s use of ultranationalist to gain popularity and support. This is seen through comparing himself to Ceasar, thus showing return to tradition.

March on Rome and Mussolini becomes Prime Minister

Oct 28, 1922

This image is similar to the March on Rome as the march was very small and inconsequential. Yet, the government panicked and gave Mussolini the role of prime minister.

Corfu Incident

Aug 29, 1923

The image displays how the Corfu Incident established the strong reputation of Mussolini as the “New Caesar” meaning he is competent.

Acerbo Law passed

Nov 14, 1923

This image displays how Benito Mussolini established a one-party state based on the laws of Italy. Acerbo Law essentially established a one-party state due to the popularity of PNF.

Matteotti Crisis

May 30, 1924

This image shows the rise in the popularity of fascism in Italy. Despite the publicity of the Matteotti scandal, PNF prevailed highlighting the strength of the party among the people.

Aventine Secession

Jun 1, 1924

This picture demonstrates the Aventine Secession because it shows how the opposition in Parliament left the “Union” or “Corporate State” which ruined Mussolini’s hope for a United Italy as a major branch was cut off.

Battle for Grain

Jan 1, 1925

This image demonstrates how Mussolini was trying to make Italy self-sufficient by increasing their wheat production which made them reliant on wheat so that they wouldn’t need to get resources from other countries.

Locarno Treaty signed

Dec 1, 1925

This photo shows how the Locarno Treaties were aiming towards disarmament and how all of Europe was united in their belief that Locarno would lead to disarmament, so Mussolini signed the treaties in order to avoid being isolated in his beliefs.

Battle for Land and Battle for the Lira

Aug 18, 1926

This image demonstrates how the Lira was undervalued and Mussolini and his fascist regime tried to change it so that the Lira regained its value, and the open land demonstrates how Mussolini was trying to increase the amount of arable land.

Battle for Births

Jan 1, 1927

This picture depicts how Mussolini wanted women to have more children because he wanted to increase Italy’s population and this photo demonstrates his ideal image.

Kellogg-Briand Treaty signed

Aug 27, 1928

This picture shows how the countries were trying to move towards peace by removing war as a national policy. However, the rabbit’s coming out of the magician’s hat show how it was just a trick.

Lateran Treaty with Pope

Feb 11, 1929

This picture shows the Pope and Mussolini as Mussolini is signing the Lateran Treaty which gave the Pope Vatican City as long as he supported Mussolini.

Stresa Front

Jan 1, 1935

This image shows how Britain, France, and Italy were trying to keep Germany’s advances and alterations to the Treaty of Versailles away, but their pact was weak and eventually didn’t work.

Abyssinian Crisis

Oct 1, 1935

This image displays the geography of the crisis, as Abyssinia was between the two Italian territories. It demonstrates why Italy desired to invade the country, as well as explaining why it faced economic sanctions.

Italian involvement with Spanish Civil War

Jan 1, 1936

Italy provided the Republicans with military aid, which allowed it to gain the upper hand in the war. This image displays raising another person with aid, which is what Italy did to Spain.

Rome-Berlin Axis Treaty signed

Oct 25, 1936

This image portrays the nature of an agreement and the formation of an alliance. Italy and Germany’s agreement is represented as it was the base of the Axis Powers.

Munich Conference

Sep 30, 1938

This image provides the perspective of a large and powerful Germany, along with the land that it would later take. This perspective demonstrates the gain in power for the Nazis and the how it led to WWII.

Italy invades Albania

Apr 7, 1939

This image is of a map, with Italy and its new Albanian region highlighted. This demonstrates the geography of the invasion on Albania, and how it benefited Italy.

Italy enters WW II on side of Germany

Jun 10, 1940

This image portrays two individuals with their respective flags together, displaying an alliance. This demonstrates the relationship between the Italians and the Nazis, as they are now in an alliance.

Mussolini brought down by coup during WW II

Jul 25, 1943

The man in the image is falling from the top of the ladder to the floor, which resembles the loss of power. As Mussolini had power but lost it, the image is similar to the man in the picture.

Mussolini killed

Apr 28, 1945

This image displays the events after Mussolini's execution, as the people hung and beat him. The picture portrays the perspectives of the Italian people who faced the effects of fascism.