-
- Gregorian chant was formed, originating from the Catholic Church.
- Notation was beginning to be developed as well as music forms.
-
Guido assigned syllables to different pitches; thereby forming the hexachordal solmization that used "ut, re, mi, fa, sol, and la"
-
- Hildegard of Bingen was the most prolific European composer. Her texts were mostly focused on the Virgin Mary, the Trinity, and/or saints.
-
- Introduced a more precise system of notation as well as new symbols for pitch and rhythm.
- Used more complex and expressive polyphonic techniques
-
- The combination of multiple melodic lines continued to expand. This created more textured choral music.
- Music theory evolved more within the Renaissance period. Contributions to understanding harmony, counterpoint, and musical structure were made.
-
- Luther's Chorale featured a piece in vernacular German that engaged the congregation in worship.
- Melody was simple and memorable and also had powerful text, making it easy to sing.
-
- The composition used expressive melodies which reflected the emotions of the text.
- The composition also had a four-voice texture
-
- Marcellus Mass was considered a preservation of the clarity and intelligibility of text in sacred music. It had smooth voice leading, counterpoints featuring imitation, and complex polyphony.
-
- Conveyed sacred text through expressive music writing
- Musical phrases and harmonies are matched to the meaning and emotions of the text.
- Polyphony was very controlled and weaved together seamlessly.
- The counterpoint enhanced the expressiveness of the text.
-
- Used polychoral techniques which created a rich, immersive sound.
- Influenced the development of Baroque music because of his contrasting dynamics, and expressive techniques to create dramatic and emotional impact.