Middle Ages: Economical/Technological

  • 500

    Heavy plows

  • 700

    Paper

    is introduced into the Arab world
  • 800

    Gunpowder is invented

    somewhere around 9th century
  • 900

    Horse shoes

    become more common
  • 1001

    Leif Ericson

    Settled during the winter in present-day Canada at L'Anse aux Meadows. Ericson is to be the first European to settle in the Americas during the Norse exploration of the Americas.
  • 1025

    The Canon of Medicine

    Persian Avicenna set standard medical textbook through 18th century in Europe
  • 1088

    University of Bologna is formed.

    It is the oldest university in Europe
  • 1117

    The University of Oxford is founded.

    It is the oldest university in the United Kingdom.
  • 1163

    Notre Dame de Paris

    The first cornerstone is laid for the construction of Notre Dame de Paris.
  • 1185

    Windmills

    Windmills are first recorded.
  • 1199

    Compasses

    Europeans first use compasses.
  • 1271

    Marco Polo Leaves

    On his famous journey to explore Asia.
  • 1444

    Printing Press Invented

    German inventor Johannes Gutenberg invents the printing press. This will signal the start of the Renaissance.