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13th amendment
Through legislation, Congress agreed to abolish slavery permanently. This amendment was very important, especially as a result of the Civil War, because it was one big step closer to freedom for the African-Americans. -
14th amendment
This amendment gave citizenship to all natural born citizens of the US. This is important because it established civil rights for former slaves, bringing them closer to freedom -
15th amendment
Gave citizens of different race, color the right to vote. This gave the right to African-American men the right to vote. However, the amendment still brought discriminatory practices to African-Americans, preventing them to vote in the South. -
Jim Crow laws
Adopted during the early 1880s, the Jim Crow laws legalized segregation between whites and blacks. -
Plessy v Ferguson
US Supreme Court case that ended with the idea that segregation is legal as long as whites and blacks are "separate but equal" -
NAACP
An organization designed to abolish segregation and discrimination, end racism and obtain civil rights for African-Americans -
Mendez v Westminster iSchool District in Orange County
A case that concerns racial segregation in public schools in Orange County. The Mendez family was not allowed the integrate with white students in an all-white public school. Westminster was the first district in American that legalized the integration of elementary students -
Brown v Board of Ed
The case ended with the decision that segregating students in public schools are inherently unequal and unconstitutional. This case was significant for the civil rights movement because it overturned the Plessy v Ferguson case and claimed that segregation in public schools violates the protection under the 14th amendment. -
Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks, an African-American refused to give up her seat for a white on the bus. This event resulted when she was arrested. Soon after, the Montgomery Bus Boycott occurred, giving notice to the segregation on public buses. -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
Led by Martin Luther King Jr., African-Americans agreed to risk not going on public buses to end segregation on public buses. This boycott would last 381 days. -
Little Rock 9
Guarded by federal troops, 9 black students entered an all-white high school. When they came, an angry white mob surrounded the 9 students and riots began to occur. This was important because the government experimented what integrated schools would look like. -
Sit-In Movement
On February 1, 1960, 4 students sat on the lunch counter of a public outing. Discriminating them, the waiters refused to serve them. Without action, the 4 students just waited patiently until someone served them. While they were silently waiting, white mobs surrounded the students and abusing them. When the police would arrest the students, more students would line up along the lunch counters. This was a peaceful demonstration to show the world that the white community poses violence. -
March on Washington
Existing as one of the largest political rallies, many civil rights supporters came together to show support for the civil rights bill. This is also the day when Martin Luther King jr gave his famous "I Have a Dream" speech. This event is important because it gave awareness to the Civil Rights movement and his speech inspired many people. -
Freedom Summer
A organization campaign that aimed to increase voter registration in Mississippi. However, this big group faced abuse from racist groups, like the KKK, within Mississippi. This organization represents one of the civil right movements who struggled to obtain the Voting Rights -
Civil Rights Act of 1964
This act aimed to end discrimination against people base don sex, religion, color, race, giving the government all the power to enforce laws governing civil rights. -
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Abolished the use of literacy tests, giving African-Americans and other minority groups the right to vote. Giving them political opportunities allowed them to obtain more jobs, contracts, and facilities and services to the black community. These rights were the end result of the civil rights movement. It was a better form of the 15th amendment, disallowing discrimination within the southern states by preventing blacks from voting
