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Period: to
Biography and political activity
In the period of Stalin in power have a number of important events in the history of the USSR and the world in the twentieth century, in particular: the forced industrialization of the Soviet Union, the creation of large mechanized agriculture of the USSR; participation in the Second world war, the transformation of the USSR into a superpower with significant scientific, military and industrial potential, the strengthening of geopolitical influence of the Soviet Union in world. -
2nd Congress of the RSDLP
After the II-nd Congress of the RSDLP (1903), held in Brussels and London — Bolshevik. On the recommendation of one of the leaders of the Caucasian Union of the RSDLP M. G. Tskhakaia Koba was sent to the area Kutaisi to Imeretina-Mingrelian Committee as the representative of the Caucasian Union Committee. -
Pre-revolutionary activities
At the end of the 1912-1913 year in Krakow Stalin and Lenin's insistence, wrote a great article "Marxism and the national question", in which he expressed the Bolshevik views on ways of solving the national question and criticized the program of "cultural-national autonomy" of the Austro-Hungarian socialists. The work gained popularity among Russian Marxists, and this time, Stalin considered an expert on national issues. -
The October revolution
Initially Stalin supported the Provisional government. In relation to the Provisional government and its policies came from the fact that the democratic revolution has not been completed, and the overthrow of government is not a practical problem. But then he joined Lenin, who advocated the transformation of "bourgeois-democratic" February revolution into a proletarian socialist revolution. -
Participation in the civil war
November 29, Stalin entered the Bureau of the Central Committee of the RSDLP(b), which also includes Lenin, Trotsky and Sverdlov. This authority was granted "the right to decide all emergency cases, but with mandatory participation of all members of the Central Committee, are at the moment in Smolny". At the same time Stalin was re-elected to the editorial Board of "Pravda". In November — December 1917, Stalin worked mostly in the people's Commissariat for nationalities. -
Participation in the creation of the USSR
In 1922, Stalin was involved in the creation of the USSR. Stalin thought it necessary to create a Union of republics, but rather a unitary state with Autonomous national associations. This plan was rejected by Lenin and his associates.At the I all-Union Congress of Soviets adopted a decision on the unification of the Soviet republics in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics — the USSR. -
The struggle with the opposition
In the 1920-ies the highest authority in the party and in fact, the country belonged to the Politburo of the CPSU(b). Until Lenin's death in it, except for Lenin, consisted of six people: Stalin, Zinoviev, Kamenev, Trotsky, Rykov, and Tomsky. All issues were decided by majority vote. In 1922, because of illness, Lenin, in fact, withdrew from political activity.January 1, 1926, Stalin Plenum of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) was again approved at the post of General Secretary. -
The collectivization of the USSR
After the breakdown of the pieces of bread in 1927, when he had to go to extraordinary measures (fixed price, closure of markets and even repression), and the failure of the grain procurement campaign of 1928-1929 years, the issue had to be resolved urgently. The way for the creation of farming through the stratification of the peasantry was incompatible with the Soviet project for ideological reasons. He embarked on collectivization. This involved the elimination of the kulaks. -
Industrialization
An important issue in time was also the choice of the method of industrialization. Discussion about this has been difficult and long, and its outcome was predetermined the character of the state and society. Not having, in contrast to Russia at the beginning of the century, foreign loans as a major funding source, the Soviet Union was able to industrialize only at the expense of internal resources. -
The reform of education
Stalin signed the resolution of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b) and SNK USSR "About the teaching of national history in the schools of the USSR", under which it was resumed the teaching of history in middle and high school.Working on the textbook "a Short course history of the CPSU(b)". The resolution officially placed the textbook is the basis for the propaganda of Marxism-Leninism and established its compulsory study in schools. -
Urban planning
Among the construction projects initiated under Stalin, was the Moscow metro. It was under Stalin, was built first in the USSR underground. In the process of construction on the personal order of Stalin the metro station "Soviet" was used for the underground control room of the Moscow headquarters of civil defence. In addition to the civil subway was built a secret complex systems, including so-called Metro-2, which was used by Stalin himself. -
Domestic politics and mass repression
In the course of mass repression, arrested used physical force (torture). European organization PACE condemned the policies of Stalin, which, in the opinion of the PACE, led to famine and death of millions of people. -
Pre-war foreign policy
After Hitler came to power, Stalin dramatically changed the traditional Soviet policy: if before it was aimed at an Alliance with Germany against the Versailles system, and through the Comintern on the struggle against the social Democrats as the main enemy, now it was to create a system of "collective security" in the USSR and former countries of the Entente against Germany and the Union of Communists with all the left forces against fascism (the tactics of the "popular front"). -
The great Patriotic war
During the great Patriotic war, Stalin is usually not treated by name and first name or military rank ("comrade Marshal (Generalissimo) of the Soviet Union"), but simply "comrade Stalin". In military documents, reports and summaries Stalin used the alias "comrade Vasilyev". As said by E. Radzinsky, among the Soviet nomenklatura and Stalin also called "Host". -
The creation of the Soviet atomic bomb
The Soviet intelligence had information about works in the West for the creation of the atomic bomb. A successful test of the first Soviet atomic bomb was carried out at the test site in the Semipalatinsk region of Kazakhstan. September 25, 1949 the newspaper "Pravda" published a TASS report. -
The fight against cosmopolitanism
Stalin himself has repeatedly made statements condemning anti-Semitism sternly. On the other hand, emigrated from the USSR in 1928, the former leader of the Central Committee of the CPSU(b) B. G. Bazhanov argues that in the presence of Stalin once said one of the leaders of the Komsomol: "that lousy Jew-boy imagines!". In a hidden anti-Semitism of Stalin accuses N. Sergei Khrushchev. -
The cult of personality of Stalin
During Stalin's life, Soviet propaganda created around him an aura of "the great leader and teacher". Stalin's name was called a number of towns and streets in the settlements in the USSR and Eastern Europe. It is often mentioned in songs, literary works and films. Debunked the cult of Stalin's personality, First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU N. S. Khrushchev at the XX Congress of the CPSU.
