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During the early 17th century, Japn isolated itself from other countries, trading only with the Chinese, Dutch and keeping contact with Korea. Japan had a very strict feudal system in place during the time.
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The US has indirectly forced the Japanese to sign the Treaty of Kangawa and let US ships to park and replenish their supplies on two ports.
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By this time, many other Western countries have also been permitted to use Japan's treaty ports. Additionally, Japan had also established embassies in several Western countries.
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The Japanese were displeased that the Shogun let the foreigners into their country, and forced him to step down, simultaneously ending the military's 7 century long dictatorship. Afterwards, Mutsuhito stayed on the throne for 45 years of the Meiji Era.
During the Meiji Era, Mutsuhito modernized (almost westernized) Japan, sending diplomats to the West and implementing many Western policies into Japan, including its government system, military and education system. -
The Japanese built their first railroad line, connecting Tokyo and Yokohama.
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By the 20th century, Japan's economy was already modernized, after following the path of Industralization.
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Japan's coal production has risen from 1875's half a million tons to 21 million tons.
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By this time, Japan had more than 7000 total miles of railroad.
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Japan's unique products and its development of modern industries has made Japan a competitive country.