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1020 BCE
Jewish monarchy established; Saul, first king.
Jewish monarchy established; Saul, first king. -
1000 BCE
Jerusalem made capital of David's kingdom
Jerusalem made capital of David's kingdom -
960 BCE
First Temple, the national and spiritual center of the Jewish people, built in Jerusalem by King Solomon
First Temple, the national and spiritual center of the Jewish people, built in Jerusalem by King Solomon -
930 BCE
Divided kingdom: Judah and Israel
Divided kingdom: Judah and Israel -
44 BCE
Assasination of Caesar
Cataclysmic event in the Roman Empire… and also worried the Jews: Would his successor be as positively disposed toward them? Tragically, that eventual successor, Marc Antony, gave power to a man whose rule was as antithetical to Jewish principles and ideals as imaginable. That man was Herod, a murderous, tyrant whose ways would eventually lead to the destruction of the Jewish commonwealth and the beginning of the long exile that Jews still find themselves in. -
Period: 27 BCE to 14
1st Roman Emperor: Caesar Augustus aka Octavian
Founder of the Roman Principate, which is the first phase of the Roman Empire, and is considered one of the greatest leaders in human history. His reign initiated an imperial cult as well as an era associated with imperial peace, the Pax Romana or Pax Augusta. Judea was added to the province of Syria when Augustus deposed Herod Archelaus, successor to client king Herod the Great. Syria was governed by a high prefect of the equestrian class rather than by a proconsul or legate of Augustus. -
Period: 14 to 37
2nd Roman Emperor: Tiberius Julius Caesar Augustus
Succesor of his stepfather, emperor Augustus. Jesus of Nazareth preached and was executed during the reign of Tiberius, by the authority of Pontius Pilate, the Roman governor of Judaea province. Luke states that John the Baptist entered on his public ministry in the fifteenth year of Tiberius' reign. The city of Tiberias, on the Western shore of the Sea of Galilee (also known as the Sea of Tiberias) was named thus by Herod Antipas in Tiberius's honour. -
6 Days War
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Period: to
Lebanese Civil War
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Operation Moses evacuating Ethiopian Jews from Sudan
Covert evacuation of Ethiopian Jews (known as the "Beta Israel" community or "Falashas") from Sudan during a civil war that caused a famine in 1984. The Israeli Operation Moses had previously airlifted 8,000 people to Israel from November 21, 1984, to January 5, 1985. The film The Red Sea Diving Resort is loosely based on the events of Operation Moses and Operation Joshua. -
Operation Joshua evacuating Ethiopian Jews from Sudan
Known as Operation Sheba, was the 1985 airlifting of Ethiopian Jews from refugee camps in Sudan to Israel.
Ethiopian Jews had fled to refugee camps in Sudan from a severe famine in their country. When word leaked out to the press after Operation Moses under pressure from other Muslim countries, Sudan blocked further flights, leaving many behind. -
Operation Solomon evacuating Ethiopian Jews from Ethiopia
Covert Israeli military operation in May 24 to 25, 1991, to airlift Ethiopian Jews to Israel. Non-stop flights of 35 Israeli aircraft, including Israeli Air Force C-130s and El Al Boeing 747s, transported 14,325 Ethiopian Jews to Israel in 36 hours. -
Golan Heights annexation
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Jerusalem as capital
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May riots (escalation of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict)
Outbreak of violence commenced on 10 May 2021 and continued until a ceasefire came into effect on 21 May. It was marked by protests and police riot control, rocket attacks on Israel by Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad and Israeli airstrikes in the Gaza. Triggered on 6 May, when Palestinians in East Jerusalem began protesting over an anticipated decision of the Supreme Court of Israel on the eviction of six Palestinian families in the neighborhood of Sheikh Jarrah