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Topeka, Kansas: Oliver Brown sued to force the local school district to allow his daughter to attend a nearby white school
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Kanses courts had rejected his suit. Availability of a school for African Americans fulfilled the supreme courts "seperate but equal" ruling.
NAACP appealed.
Thurgood Marshell argued the concept of seperate but equal was self contridictory -
Divided Court was unable to make a decision.
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Earl Warren sat as Cheif Justice on the Supreme Court. Stated that seperate education facilities are unequal.
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Court addressed how to implement the ruling and gave primary responsibilty to local school boards.
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Central Highschool in Little Rock Arkansas was schedulded to integrate. They remained segregated.
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Nine african American students walked in Central high unnoticed. Integratiion lasted 3 hours before riots broke out.
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High schools began to close rather than integrate for the 1957-1958 school year.
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schools began to reopen and integration slowly spread to lower grades
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the supreme court ruled that an African American has to right to attend school could not be "nullified openly" or by evasive schemes for segregation.