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Special Education
Throughout the years special education has changed because of the influential events , laws and court cases that accord between time periods. Due to these changes, the inclusion for individuals with disabilities in schools and communities has risen in various societies. -
Council for Exceptional Children
One of the largest special education advocacy group that had a main objective for all children with special needs receive FAPE. Choosing this shows that since it is the first advocacy group, it began a movement for acknowledge the importance of children with disabilities have the same opportunities as any other. -
Cuyahoga Council for Retarted Citizens
This began the opportunity for an special education class for children who were not being included in public school. This parental advocacy group was lead by five mothers who had children with mental retardation. -
Classification of Autism
Dr. Leo Lanner and John Hopkins University introduce the classification of Autism. -
National Association for Retarded Citizens
Advocacy with advocacy groups that had the same beliefs and helped with litigations and made sure that judicial process were met. This group was formed by 23 individual advocacy groups who came together as one. -
Brown v. Board of Education
Court case that over turned Plessy v. Ferguson which was "Separate but not equal". This overturning brought attention to different classes, blacks v. whites and general education students v. special education students. Formation rose up by many advocacy groups to inform the public of the need to form special education programs. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act
Although this act did not educate students, it gave grants to state schools and institutions that set up programs to educate students with disabilities. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Students with disabilities were placed in public funded school settings that met the educational need, based on proper and thorough evaluation of the individual. -
In the Mills v. Board of Education of the District
Students were classified as "Exceptional" according to the U.S District Court. This allowed mental, learning, and behavioral disabilities access to public funded education, and made it unlawful for D.C Board of Education to deny these students access to this education. -
Section 504
Giving protection from discrimination to special needs and disability students. FAPE and LRE were included in this law which gave eligibility to students ho has a physical or mental disability. -
Least Restrictive Environment
Students with IEP's are given an opportunity to be included in as many regular education classes as possible giving the student a social experience. In LRE classrooms. paras and aids assist the students. -
American with Disabilities Act
The American Disability act was signed into law by George W. bush giving the same rights to people with special needs just as anyone else would have. These rights included no discrimination in schools, work places, and transportation. -
IDEA
Individual Disability Act was a law passed by George W. Bush that included FAPE, LRE, IEP, evaluation, parent/student participation, and procedure safeguards for participants.