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John Locke publishes his Essay concerning Human Understanding, arguing that all knowledge is based on experience
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French biologist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck argues in Zoological Philosophy that creatures can inherit acquired characteristics
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In his essay, Nature, Ralph Waldo Emerson sets out the fundamentals of the philolosphy of Transcendentalism
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Pragmatism emerges as a philosophical approach in meetings of the Metaphysical Club in Cambridge, Massachusetts
