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Person eats allergen
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The body creates an antibody/protein that detects harmful substances.
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The antibody attaches itself to cells found all over the body in order to prepare the body for if that allergen enters the body again.
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When the allergen enters the body again, it binds to the antibodies and sends out signals to the body to release large amounts of histamine.
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The histamine causes irritation and swelling in parts of the body.
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The results of the irritation could be anywhere from mild hives to anaphylaxis, it just depends on the person.