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Period: Jan 11, 1250 to
IB studied music
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Period: Jan 31, 1250 to Jan 31, 1450
medieval
Use of modes
monophonic textures - plainsong
polyphonic textures - organum
cantus firmus
Composers : Machaut, Dufay, Dunstable
Medieval instruments
Music from 800 -
Period: Jan 31, 1450 to
Renaissance music
Composers : Josquin, Tallis, Palestrina, Monteverdi, Byrd
Based on modes (with accidentals)
4 or more voice parts
Blending strands in musical texture
Church music - contrapuntal
Secular music - vocal pieces, dances, some instrumental pieces.
Renaissance instruments - many forming families -
Palestrina
Kyrie II from Missa Iste confessor
Example of contrapuntal texture, imitation, melisma -
Period: to
Baroque music
Composers : Lully, Purcell, Vivaldi, Bach, Handel
Homophonic texture then polyphonic textures return
Basso continuo
Viols replaced by violin family, string section basis of the Baroque orchestra
modes replaced by major-minor key system
Main forms used : binary, ternary, variations, ritornello, fugue
Main types of music: chorale, opera, overture, sonata concerto
energetic rhythms, flowing, ornamented melodies, contrasts -
corelli
Sonata a tre Op3 no2 last movement
Example of imitation and inversion -
Period: to
classical music
Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, JC Bach, CPE Bach, Gluck
clearer texture than Baroque, mainly homophonic.
grace and beauty of melody and form
variety and contrast within a piece, frequent changes of mood
clearly marked cadences
orchestra increases in size, woodwind becomes a section
harpsichord replaced by the piano - alberti bass accompaniment
importance to instrumental music - sonata, trio, quartet, symphony, concerto
sonata form the most important design -
Haydn
Trauersinfonie Hob I/44 Finale
Example of sequence -
Period: to
romanticism
Weber, Schubert, Berlioz, Chopin, Schumann, Liszt, Wagner, Verdi, Smetana, Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Dvorak, Grieg, Rimsky-Korsakov, Elgar, Mahler, Strauss
Freedom in form and design, intense expression of emotion.
lyrical melodies, adventurous modulations. richer harmonies, chromaticism
denser textures, dramatic contrasts, wide range of pitch, dynamics, timbre, expansion of orchestra - brass
programme music
technical virtuosity
nationalism
recurring themes to bring unity - idee fixe. -
weber
Overture to Der Freischutz
Example of tremolo -
debussy
String Quartet op10 Assez vif
example of ostinato, impressionism -
Debussy - Voiles
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Period: to
20th Century music
Classical :
Debussy, Sibelius, Schoenberg, Bartok, Stravinsky, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Messiaen, Cage, Stockhausen .....
impressionism, atonality, microtonality, nationalism, expressionism, musique concrete, pointillism, electronic music, jazz influences, serialism, polytonality, neoclassicism, aleatoric -
holst
Mars from the Planets, Op 32
Example of ostinato, col legno -
Bartok
string quartet no. 6 2nd movt - an example of glissando and tremolo -
Muddy Waters Hoochie Coochie Man
Composed by Willie Dixon and recorded on the Chess label.
Willie Dixon - composer, producer and bass player, was an important influence on the development of what became known as Chicago Blues.
