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P.A.R.C v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania https://rootedinrights.org/15321-revision-v1/
This was a class action lawsuit. It involved the Pennsylvania Association of Retarted Citizens who sued the commonwealth of Pennsylvania. This suit was a response to a set of four statues that gave the commonwealth the right to deny education to children of special needs. Thomas Gilhool represented the P.A.R.C This mattered because it extended the protection provided by Brown v Board to children of special needs. It showed that the 14th amendment overruled state laws. It was humanizing. -
Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia https://www.clearinghouse.net/detail.php?id=11084
A group of 7 students sued the District of Columbia. Kids with behavior problems were seen in the same light as children with a mental handicap. These kids were being denied education because of this. This suit built on the P.A.R.C case. This suit was important because it showed that you can not just pick and choose who you teach. You cannot go and look for a reason not to teach students. It showed saving money was not more important than teaching children. -
Honig v. Doe https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/001440298905600109
John Doe and Jack Smith were two students sued the school of district of San Francisco because they were expelled for behavioral problems. Bill Honig was the defendant. Jack Smith had been bullied by a classmate and responded by chocking him. This was important because it provided protection for children that had a hard time controlling their behavior. It is easy to just toss children away instead of helping them. Thankfully this case said you had no right to do that. -
Congress amended I.D.E.A https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/osers/idea35/history/index_pg10.html
A revision of the act sighed into law by Gerald Ford. It was pushed for after it was discovered 8 million children were not getting a good education. The original act provided funded and oversight. In 2004 the changes stated that if minority children were placed in special needs classes for other reasons besides special needs local school districts would move 15% of their special needs funding to general education. The change also ask for higher accountability. This helped minorities.