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Upon becoming the first consul of France, Napoleon two months later, on January 17, 1800 (27 Nov. VIII of the Republican calendar), published a consular decree on newspapers, which opened a new stage in the development of journalism. -
A mechanical, electromechanical, or electronic-mechanical device equipped with a set of keys, pressing which results in printing the corresponding characters on the medium. It was widely used in the 19th and 20th centuries. -
The July Revolution of 1830 resulted not only in a change of power but also in an increase in the influence and authority of journalism and the liberalization of press legislation. In the first months of his reign, the new king granted some privileges and benefits to the press. For example, a new Constitutional Charter was adopted on August 7, 1830. -
The design was patented in 1847 (US patent 5199), and first commercially installed in 1847. In its early days, it was also called the "Hoe web perfecting press," the "Hoe lightning press," and "Hoe's Cylindrical-Bed Press." -
On June 1, 1848, the first issue of the New Rhine Gazette (Neue Rheinische Zei- tung) appeared in Cologne. It was a daily political information-analytical newspaper, which paid much attention to theoretical issues. Many of the articles had a satirical orientation. -
The Press Law was passed under the Third French Republic in 1881 by the then-dominant opportunist Republicans, who sought to liberalize the press and promote free public debate. The new law scrapped several earlier laws, declaring from the outset the principle that "the press and publication are free". -
The invention of radio communication was preceded by many decades of theoretical development, discovery, and experimental study of radio waves, and engineering developments related to their transmission and detection. These developments enabled Guglielmo Marconi to turn radio waves into a wireless communications system. -
It consisted of four departments and was responsible for disseminating official information to the press of friendly and neutral countries. -
In 1927, a mechanical analog computer was developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) by Vanivar Busch.
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WCFL's first mechanical scan television station went on the air in Chicago on June 12, 1928. Its creator was Ulysses Sanabria. -
The history of the Internet began with the development of computers in the 1950s and the emergence of scientific and application concepts for global computing networks almost simultaneously in different countries, primarily in scientific and military laboratories in the United States, Britain, and France. The principles on which the Internet is based were first applied to the ARPANET network, created in 1969 at the request of the U.S. military agency DARPA. -
On 3 April 1973, Motorola manager Martin Cooper placed a cellular-phone call (in front of reporters) to Dr. Joel S. Engel, head of research at AT&T's Bell Labs. This began the era of the handheld cellular mobile phone.
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In principle, the birth of social networks began practically with the birth of the Internet itself in 1969. Social networks began their victorious march across the Internet in 1995 with the American portal Classmates.com, Odnoklassniki.ru, which is its Russian equivalent. The project turned out to be very successful, which in the next few years provoked the appearance of dozens of similar services.
