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Plessy V Ferguson- 1896
In 1880 a law in Louisiana passed providing a separate railway carriage for the white and colored races.The United States Supreme Court made a decision that upheld the constitutionality of racial segregation under the separate but equal doctrine. On May 18,1986 a verdict was delivered Plessy Vs Ferguson declaring separate but equal facilities constitutional on illustrated railroads. Court rules that the protection of the fourteenth amendment applies only to political and civil rights. -
Brown V The Board of Education- Topeka
Cases arising in Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, Delaware, and Washington DC, relating to the segregation of the public schools on basis of race. African Americans had been denied admittance to some public schools based on laws allowing public education to be segregated by race. The court reasoned that segregation of public education instilled a sense of inferiority and a huge detrimental effect in education and personal growth of African American children -
Engel V Vitale
Holding: School initiated prayer in the public school system Violates the first amendment. Landmark; It is unconstitutional for stated officials to compose an official school prayer and encourage its recitation in public schools. Justice Douglas stated that this states financing a religious exercise violated the first amendment. Justice Stewart argued that no official religion was established by permitting those who want to say a prayer to say it. -
Lemon V Kurtzman
Pennsylvania statute was passed in 1968; provided funding for non-public elementary and secondary school teachers’ salaries, textbooks, and instructional materials for secular subjects.Rhode Island’s statute was passed in 1969 and provided state financial support for non-public elementary schools in the form of supplementing 15% of teachers’ annual salaries. -
Title IX-1972
Federal civil rights law in the United States passed as part of the education amendments of 1972. This law protects people from discrimination based on sex in educational programs or activities that receive federal financial assistance. Educational programs and activities that receive federal funds from the department of education must operate in a non discriminatory manner.
No sex discrimination!
No sexual assault!
PERIOD! -
San Antonio Independent school district V Rodriguez
Supreme Court of the US held that San Antonio Independent School District's financing system, which was based on local property taxes, was not an unconstitutional violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause. Lawsuit was brought by members of the ECP Association representing their children and similarly situated students.he lawsuit alleged that education was a fundamental right and that wealth-based discrimination in the provision of education or those of lesser wealth. -
Education of all handicapped children act
All public schools accepting federal funds to provide equal access to education and one free meal a day for children with physical/mental disabilities. The law was passed to meet 4 goals;
Ensure that special education services are available to children who need them; Guarantee services are fair and appropriate for students with disabilities; Establish specific management and auditing requirements for special education; Provide federal funds to help the states educate students with disabilities. -
Pyler V Doe
United States Supreme Court ruled in 1982 that all children regardless of their immigration status have a constitutional right to free public education. Pyler V Does grew in 1977 by the Tyler Independent school district in Texas to oust children of undocumented workers. A tuition of $1000 was imposed to each student of undocumented worker; what for others was free. Federal court granted motion to block Tyler ISD from denying enrollment based on immigration status. -
New Jersey V TLO
Fourth amendment activity- In a New Jersey high school two girls were found smoking, TLO being one of them denying the situation; the principal demanded to see the girl's purse and found evidence that marihuana was also being sold. TLO was taken to a police station where she confessed to selling marihuana.The high court said school administrators don't need to have a search warrant or probable cause before conducting a search because students have a reduced expectation of privacy when in school. -
Bethel School District V Fraser
Landmark by the United States Supreme Court involving free speech in public schools. In 1986 Supreme Court decision put forth the principle that public school officials can prohibit student speech that is vulgar. lewd, or offensive. Landmark due to Matthew N Fraser being suspended for delivering speech with laced sexual references. Bethel school district V Fraser is one of the three most important amendment precedents in the public school context. -
United States V Lopez
Concerning the commerce Clause. The first case since 1937 in which the Court held that Congress had exceeded its power to legislate under the Commerce Clause.In the Gun-Free School Zones Act of 1990, Congress made it a federal offense "for any individual knowingly to possess a firearm at a place that the individual knows, or has reasonable cause to believe, is a school zone. -
Board of Education of Independent School District #92 of Pottawatomie County v. Earls
Mandatory drug testing by public schools of students participating in extracurricular activities. Student Activities Drug Testing Policy adopted by Tecumseh, Oklahoma School District required all middle and high school students to consent to urinalysis testing for drugs in order to participate in any extracurricular activity. Court held that because the policy reasonably serves the School District's important interest in detecting and preventing drug use among its students, it is constitutional.
