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*1792 gas lighting was much brighter/cleaner
*Gas panel, system of valves, controlled many onstage gas lamps -
Trapdoors, hidden objects, rigging
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*Sometimes platforms were mounted to pageant wagons pulled from towns
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*Churches suppressed theatrical activity, due to secular drama
*A church that denied sacraments to actors also revived theatre.
*Plays done in small churches which caused problems
*Platform stages were usually constructed adjacent to the church, the audience sat in town square
*Similar set for church productions
*Sets made of small buildings, mansions, or stations
*Play's action took place platea
*Secrets: trapdoors, rigging -
*The Periaktoi which was from the forth century, three sided forms that rotated on a central pivot, used for scene changes
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*Skene turned into an elaborately decorated single facade, the scaenae frons, matched height of cavea
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*Steeply Raked seating areas called the auditorium, or atron.
*Surrounded on three sides of a circular playing area(the Orchestra)
*The front wall of the Skene, had multiple doors/arches
*The Paraskenia, long/steep walls, extended parallel with the skene
*The Eccyclema a wheeled platform, used in many different ways
*Pinakes, painted panels hung from the skene, decorative -
*Moving scenery, trees, rocks
*Introduced in Roman Theatre -
*Updated Greek Theater designs
*Pulled Orchestra, Auditorium, skene into one structure
*The auditorium, or Cavea, separated from orchestra by short wall
*Orchestra was a semicircle, extending out from stage, framed by proscenium
*Roof extended from scaenae frons to proscenium edge
*Spiarium hung back stage, provided background and hid backstage -
*Renaissance re:awoke theater
*More than a thousand years to be permitted, sprang over Europe -
*Theaters finally indoor, Cavea became an ellipse, helped sight lines
*Scaenae Frons now several arches, street sets built in forced perspective on raked stage, helped improve visual effects of scenery
*Painted drops of "comic scene", the "tragic scene", the "satyric scene"
*Drops helped with depth, hung upstage
*Candles, lanterns, torches first stage lighting
*Pit for lower class to stand -
*Candles, lanterns, torches first stage lighting
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*Theatres usually rectangular
*Apron held majority of action in plays
*Moveable drop, wings, and borders were used
*Plays took place, drawing room, courtyard, palace, garden
*Elevator Traps/Stages, and Revolving Stages used to shit scenery
*New stages were mostly flat
*Same way of lighting for many years
*First electric used was carbon arc, followed by footlights, borderlights, winglights -
*Theatre became more realistic/naturalistic on stage
*Arena stages popped up everywhere to fit more people
*Shape of theatres supported new forms, plays required environments instead of backgrounds
*Side seats were eliminated, remaining seats faced stage
*Theatre spaces were found in barns, churches, feed stores, grocery stores, libraries, old movie houses
*Hard to adjust anything in the theatres due to the designs already established
*First electronic dimmer, thyratron tube, controlled remote
