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-Also called Counting frame, is a calculating tool first used in China
-Was then used in Europe and Russia
-is still used by merchants, traders and clerks in some parts of Eastern Europe, Russia, China and Africa. -
-Blaise Pascal, a French mathematician, and scientist at age 19 invented the Pascaline which is the first mechanical calculating machine.
-It is used for addition and subtraction of up to 8 digits number. -
-Charles Babbage developed the Difference Engine, which is considered as the first automatic computing machine.
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Baron Jons Jackob Berzelius discovers silicon(Si), which today is the basic component of processors.
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Nikola Tesla patents electrical logic circuits called "gates" or "switches".
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John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley invent the first transistor at the Bell Laboratories.
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-The Internet is invented between this period
-By the end of 1992
*The internet has one million hosts
*The ARPANET has ceased to exist
*Computers are nine orders of magnitude faster
*Network bandwidth is twenty million time greater -
The 3.5-inch floppy disk had significant advantages over its predecessors. It had a rigid metal cover that made it harder to damage the magnetic film inside.
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The Intel 80286 is introduced
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It's the world’s first graphical user interface (GUI) operating system. Every other computer until that point had run on a command line, so the GUI-based System 1 became the predecessor of today’s mainstream computing world.
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Windows 1 was Microsoft’s first release that included a 16-bit graphical user interface.
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The Magneto-Optical disc emerged onto the information technology field in 1990. This optical disc format used a combination of optical and magnetic technologies to store and retrieve digital data. A special magneto-optical drive is necessary to retrieve the data stored on these 3.5 to 5.25-inch discs.
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The arrival of Salesforce.com in 1999, which pioneered the concept of delivering enterprise applications via a simple website. The services firm paved the way for both specialist and mainstream software firms to deliver applications over the internet.
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High-Density Digital Versatile Disc (HD-DVD), a digital optical media format, uses the same disc size as Blu-Ray. It is promoted by Toshiba, NEC, and Sanyo.
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Windows XP introduced a whole new visual interface to the Microsoft product. The start button became a familiar green, the task bar was shaded blue, and a series of other visual effects laid the groundwork for the trademark Microsoft operating system interface that PC users are familiar with today.
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As Web 2.0 hit its stride, and Google and others started to offer browser-based enterprise applications, though services such as Google Apps.
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Intel releases the first Core i5 Desktop processor with 4 cores, the i5-750(8M Cache, 2.67GHz,1333 MHz FSB)
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AMD releases the first desktop processors in their A10 line, the A10-5700 (4M L2 Cache, 3.4 GHz or 4.0 GHz in Turbo mode, 1866 MHz FSB) and the A10-5800K (4M L2 Cache, 3.8 GHz or 4.2 GHz in Turbo mode, 1866 MHz FSB)
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Improvements in internet bandwidth and the falling cost of storage capacity means it’s frequently more economical for business and individuals to outsource their data storage to the cloud, rather than buying, maintaining and replacing their own hardware. Cloud offers near-infinite scalability, and the anywhere/everywhere data access that users increasingly expect.
