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CSI was the first school formed for students with mental deficiency by Henry M. Knight. CSI is a private institution that receives state funding through subsidies for students that come from low-income families. Knight was motivated by cultural Christian norms. The formation of the school was inspired by the Second Great Awakening. Knight's son became the successor and he walked away from his father's vision of education and assimilation to embrace segregation of the mentally deficient. -
Non-profit organization that has the goal to improve the educational outcomes of students with disabilities. These outcomes include improving exceptionalities including a student's gifts and talents. CEC are the largest non-profit organization that dedicates their time to improve the success of students with disabilities. CEC advocates for appropriate government policies, professional development and standards. CEC are the source of information for professional development of ESE teachers. -
1st advocacy group that fought for special education were actually parents whose kids were at a disadvantage. Parents were the prime movers to improve educational opportunities for students with disabilities. No eminent change occurred until Brown v. Board in the mid 1950s. These parents helped encourage laws that give training to instructors who work with students with disabilities such as deaf or hard of hearing. Training was given to work with students with intellectual disabilities. -
The first institution for doing research on students with disabilities opened at the University of Illinois. The research became the new upcoming focus in the special education field. The institution did research on student that learn at a slow pace. The institution did its field work on developing what we call today a learning disability. -
This Supreme Court ruled to challenge the "separate but equal" clause from Plessy v. Ferguson. The NAACP lawyer Thurgood Marshall represented Linda Brown who wasn't allowed to go to an all-white school close to home. Kenneth Clark used dolls to prove a theory that kids of divergent ethnicities don't mind being alongside each other. Students from divergent abilities and backgrounds are now together in the classroom environment.
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This case states that if students with disabilities are not able to pay the cost of education, they will still be granted a free education. All students are guaranteed a free public education that is appropriate to their learning needs. Students with disabilities were denied educational opportunities because they were considered exceptional. The plaintiffs argued that these students couldn't afford to take on privet school cost. -
This act extended grants to be authorized for the states to use in vocational rehabilitation services passed under President Nixon. This act guarantees civil rights to those who are disabled. The act also states that schools are required to give disabled people accommodations. This act led to research and training to provide reasonable accommodations and services to the severely disabled. The act also helps these students find employment in the workforce. -
This act was signed under President Ford originally known as the Education of the handicapped Children Act. The purpose of the act is to give special education related services to the youth with disabilities. The act ensures these students will be given a free appropriate public education. The act ensures that these students be granted that education in the least restrictive environment. The rights of people with disabilities are protected under the law.
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Congress passes the Americans with Disabilities Act in 1990 under the Bust administration. This act prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in public accommodations and employment. Locations are required to provide reasonable accommodations for individuals with disabilities. Companies are required to also make reasonable accommodations in order to hire individuals with disabilities. A business can face a fine if they refuse to meet these demands.
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NCLB was passed by President George W, Bush that provides various federal education programs that are controlled at state level. NCLB helps students at a disadvantage to achieve academic proficiency. Schools are held more accountable. Loan programs and technology assistance have help schools acquire more resources for Special Education. NCLB helps close the gap by giving students a fair and equal opportunity to advance in their studies.
