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Brown v. Board of Education
In this case Supreme Court ruled that segregation is not legal. This case had set the opportunity for all the students for equal education and started the roots for the protection of the rights of the students with disabilities who receive education from public schools. This case made it clear that it is absolutely not possible to have equal opportunity of having education while being segregated. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
This law is related to the protection of the rights of the students who have disadvantaged background and to provide them the opportunity to receive equal access to public education .ESSA tries to ensure that all the basic needs of the disadvantaged students are met so they can fully benefit from the education
https://socialwelfare.library.vcu.edu/programs/education/elementary-and-secondary-education-act-of-1965/ -
Education of the Handicapped Act (P.L. 91-230)
This law is in fact a revision of ESEA. It’s been passed to continue to protect and provide handicapped children the equal educational opportunities plus one free meal a day. This law prohibits schools to exclude handicapped children and make sure that state-run programs make special plans for such students. -
Diana vs. State Board of Education
This case is about a Spanish speaking girl Diana, from Monterey County California, who obtained low IQ scores on a test and got placed in a classroom for mildly mentally retarded students. The reason for the low scores was the language barrier, her native language was Spanish and she was tested in English. The court ruled that Spanish speaking students should be tested in their native language so the errors in placements would be avoided. -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
The Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Children sued the state of Pennsylvania for a state law that allowed the public schools to deny the education to the children with disabilities. The District Court the District Court judge ruled that no child should be denied the education; all the children have equal rights to learn and get educated. -
Rehabilitation Act (Section 504)
This civil rights act ensures that individuals with disabilities are not discriminated against or excluded from any program that is receiving federal funds. Section 504 protects students with conditions and illnesses that are not necessarily covered by I.D.E.A. Section 504 provides qualified students with appropriate accommodations such as visual aids, enlarged prints, extended time on tests or assignments. https://www.greatschools.org/gk/articles/section-504-2/ -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (PL 94-142)
According to this law all public schools receiving federal funds to provide equal access to education for children with intellectual or physical disabilities. Schools should provide all children with a free appropriate education regardless of their disability. Schools should provide appropriate testing to identify the learning disabilities and accommodate them accordingly. -
Board of Education v. Rowley (New York)
According to this case ruling, not only are special education students required to receive FAPE, but they also have the right to receive free appropriate services in a general education classroom setting. Appropriate services such as a sign language interpreter enable students with disabilities to be taught in a general education classroom setting. -
Honig v. Doe
California school board violated the Education for All Handicapped Children when a student got expelled because of the disruptive behavior and the cause was the behavior disability. This court case ruled that schools cannot expel students for behaviors related to their disability. -
Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
American's with Disabilities Act is a civil rights law that prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public. ADA 's purpose is to assure that every person in the community with disabilities, has the best access to buildings, public transportation, and communication. https://civilrights.findlaw.com/discrimination/the-americans-with-disabilities-act-overview.html -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
1990
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act are a federal law that ensures every student with a disability receives a Free Appropriate Public Education, to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education. The schools are require to accommodate them and provide them with appropriate individualized Education Programs.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=66g6TbJbs2g -
Amendments to IDEA of 1997
The Amendments to IDEA in 1997, revised and upgraded the system of services provided to the students such as IEP's, process of evaluations for students with disabilities, parent participation in eligibility and placement decisions. https://www2.ed.gov/offices/OSERS/Policy/IDEA/index.html -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
The 2004 revision and re-evaluation of IDEA improved the system regarding IEPs ,personnel qualifications, and assessments. The improved guidelines included Zero reject/free appropriate education, Child Find, Age, Non-discriminatory evaluation, IEP, Least Restrictive Environments, Confidentiality of records and Due Process.
