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The Council for Exceptional Children is a nonprofit organization founded by a group of educators that aim for the educational success of children with disabilities.The council advocates for better government policies and professional standards. Members of the council include special education teachers, psychologists, administrators, and researchers all in support of improving the conditions for exceptional children in the educational setting. https://exceptionalchildren.org/standards -
Programs for children with specific learning disabilities became common around the 1940's.The quality and availability of programs varied between and within states. Good special education programs were rare and difficult to access. For most children with disabilities, special education programs were simply not available -
Parent groups throughout the country met in Minneapolis in the 1950's to organize The Arc. The Arc became the first organization to put money into research on intellectual and developmental disabilities. It intensifies its advocacy for research and asked Congress for full support for an International Research Plan. It has underwent development since the 1950's leading up to present day. -
The Elementary and Secondary Education Act addresses the inequality of educational opportunity for underprivileged children. It provides funding and resources to help ensure that disadvantaged students have access to quality education. It is now known as the No Child Left Behind Act. -
The Mills class action lawsuit was brought in 1972, the same year as the P.A.R.C. case, on behalf of seven school-age children who had been denied placement in a public educational program because of alleged mental, behavioral, physical or emotional disabilities. In the settlement, it was agreed that educational placement decisions must include a process of parental participation and a means to resolve disputes. -
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits the discrimination on the basis of disability. This applies to any program that receives federal financial support, federal employment, and in the employment practices of federal contractors. -
The Individuals with Disabilities Education act ensures that all children with disabilities are entitled to a free appropriate public education to meet their unique needs and prepare them for further education, employment and independent living. It prepares the child for further education, employment, and independent living and protect the rights of both children with disabilities and their parents. It was previous known as The Education for All Handicapped Children Act -
The Handicapped Children Protection Act authorizes the award of reasonable attorneys' fees, expenses, and costs to the parents or guardian of a handicapped child or youth. These are costs that are not covered by the state as "assistance" and it often left on the shoulders of the guardian to pay for the additional assistance or medical costs for children with disabilities. https://www.craftlegal.com/2016/11/08/handicapped-childrens-protection-act/ -
The Americas with Disabilities Act provides civil rights protections to individuals with disabilities in the areas of employment, state and local government services, public accommodations, transportation, and telecommunication. -
The ADA makes it unlawful to refuse to hire a qualified applicant with a disability because he is disabled or because a reasonable accommodation is required to make it possible for this person to perform essential job functions. Workers with disabilities must have equal access to all benefits and privileges of employment that are available to similarly situated employees without disabilities. https://adata.org/learn-about-ada -
The Assistive Technology Act provides people with disabilities with technological assistance. This aims to make it possible for people to move more freely and fully participate in education, employment, and daily activities on a similar level as others in their community without their disabilities disadvantaging them. It was originally instated in 1998 but was reauthorized in 2004 with better advantages. https://www.ctdinstitute.org/library/2017-10-05/intro-assistive-technology-video -
In 2009, The Department of Education opened 217 centers that catered to the needs of children with learning disabilities. In 2009, The department issued the use of Braille textbooks to help children who were visually children.