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Brown v. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of education is a major action change for education in its entirety. It is not being recognized that education in a democratic system has to match social policies for fairness and equality. Brown v. Board of Education was also a crucial moment for special education students because it was the first look at inclusion within education. -
Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA)
This law was passed to protect and provide for students with disadvantaged backgrounds. ESEA wanted to improve educational opportunities for disadvantage students by ensuring all students’ basic needs for met to fully benefit from their education. -
Education of the Handicapped Act (P.L. 91-230)
Education of the Handicapped Act provided monetary endorsements by federal funding for students to receive appropriate assistance for education. This also helped recognize the need for specific services and endorsed federal budget. -
Rehabilitation Act (Section 504)
The Section 504 act is also known as the Rehabilitation Act which provides a safeguard against discrimination to those receiving federal funding for a disability. The main reason is that it provides legal practice in shifting society’s previous perceptions of people with disabilities. -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act (P.L. 94-142)
Education for All Handicapped Children was passed to require all public schools receiving federal funds to provide equal access to education for children with physical and/or intellectual disabilities. Schools were required to provide all children with free appropriate education despite their disability. https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/94/s6/summary -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (P.L 101-476)
IDEA or the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act provided disciplinary process for students with disabilities or active IEP’s. This has a safeguard for parental rights to their child’s education as well as providing better quality instructions by mandating research based interventions for students with disabilities. -
Oberti v. Board of Education of the borough of Clementon School District
The court case established inclusion with supplementary aids and services. It established that if placement outside the classroom is necessary, the school district must then include the child in as many school programs with children who do not have disabilities. -
Amendments to IDEA
The Amendments to IDEA brought changes such as the way evaluations are conducted for students with disabilities, parent participation in eligibility and placement decisions, as well as the addition of transition planning. Guidelines for disciplining students with disabilities were also created. -
No Child Left Behind Act
No Child Left Behind requires each state to establish state academic standards and a state testing system that meet federal requirements. The No Child left behind act has encouraged free and appropriate education for students by giving more options for title one schools which serve low income communities as well as ensure that schools are using research based instructions to provide the best quality instruction available for students. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0--2nhsDorg -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEIA)
The re-authorization included additional improvements regarding personal qualifications, assessments, and IEPs. The improvement guidelines included Zero reject/free appropriate education, Child Find, Age, Non-discriminatory evaluation, IEP, Least Restrictive Environments, Confidentiality of Records, and Due Process.
