-
Care for Disabled
In 1768, the first federal law was developed in regards to caring for an individual with a disability. -
Institutionalization
Individuals that were noted as having mental retardation were sent to live in institutions. The state provided financial assistance, medical care, and wellbeing. It was later on discovered that there may have been mistreatment of individuals with disabilities. -
1st Special Education Class
In 1896, Rhode Island created the first class for students in need of special education. This pioneer setting expanded to over 34,000 students by 1923. The first recorded teacher of special needs students in a school setting was in 1899 in New York City. Her name was Elizabeth Ferrell. -
Concept of Normalization
Normalization of individuals with disabilities In the 1950s, Bengt Nirje approached the idea of "normalization" of individuals with disabilities. This single idea had a ripple effect and impacted so many lives. Today, students with disabilities are able to have access to general education based on this idea. -
Advocacy and Protests
Inspired by the civil rights movement in the 1960s, families of individuals with disabilities protested. They fought for fair treatment for students with disabilities. -
ESEA Act
In 1965, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA) was established. This law confirmed that students regardless of their socioeconomic status, students were entitled to highly qualifies teachers, parents had choices of where to send their students to receive an education, and provided funding to local educational agencies (LEAs). -
Rehabilitation Act
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 was the first law to ban discrimination on individuals with disabilities. This law was the predecessor to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). The Rehabilitation act allowed for people with disabilities to participate in financially funded government programs. -
Education of the Handicapped Act
In 1975, the Education of the Handicapped Act was passed. This act (P.L.) 94-142 gave the right for students to have a tailored education. This included Free and Appropriate Education (FAPE), an Individualized Education Plan (IEP), and access to the Least Restrictive environment (LRE) . -
No Child Left Behind
No Child Left Behind was established in 2001. This law held schools to a higher standard. Some say this negatively impacted students with disabilities because the expectations were higher on standardized tests. -
IDEA Act
IDEA 2004 In 2004, the IDEA was updated. This update included the passing of regulating Free and Appropriate Education and Least Restrictive Environment throughout the country. The act also made it necessary for individuals with disabilities to be taught and prepared for employment, further education, and independent living.