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Isaac Newton formulated the laws of gravity and mechanics. He applied it to our planetary syestem.
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Edmond Halley used Newtons laws to predict that a comet would reappear 76 years later, and it did in 1758. This showed that objects in space are governed by the laws of mechanics.
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William Hershcel proposed that some nubulae are groups of stars.
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A German physicist investigated the solar spectrum by passing through a spectroscope. Spectroscopy determines the composition and movement of stars.
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He proposed a special theory of relativity. Concerned with the propagation of electric and magnetic phenomena in space and time . The theory that light is transmitted in small packets and the famous equation linking energy and mass: E=mc2
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Einstein proposed the general theory of relativity, dealing with gravitation, space and time. He hypothesised that space-time is curved in the presence of a strong gravitational field.
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He was a Dutch astronomer and published a series of papers describing some astronomical consequences of Einstein's general theory of relativity.
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An American astronomer proposed that the Milky Way galaxy is much larger than previously thought, and that the Sun is not the centre.
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He led an expedition to observe a solar eclipse in order to detect the bending of light rays passing near the sun.
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He found that some nebulae contain stars.
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He firmulated The Big Bang Theory. He proposed the universe began with a big explosion.
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Using the Doppler effect, he found other galaxies seem to be moving away from the Milky Way. This indicates that the Universe is expanding in time.
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Observed background microwave radiation in space.
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He suggested that after the Big Bang mini black holes were formed with enormas masses. He spectulated that sharply curved space-time can give rise to the creation of both particles and anti-particles.
