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We call this musical repertoire Gregorian Chant in honour of Pope Gregory the Great the first compiler.
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The Roman Catholic Church compiled its liturgical plainsongs.
Main characteristics :
-It has a monophonic texture, without instrumental accompaniment.
-It uses modal scales and is in free time.
-The is in with a religious theme.
-It,s performed by male voices and alternates between a soloist and the choir, or between two choirs. -
A second voice was added to plainsong and polyphony was born.
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The main characteristics are:
-It,s has monoponic texture, but with musical accompaniment.
-It uses modal scales and rhythmic modes.
-It,s written in the local language.
-It,s performed by male and female voices. -
Was a teacher in te cathedral school in Arezzo,Italy.
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Was a German nun, writer, scientist and composer.
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Refers to music developed between this period, mainly by the schools in Paris and Santiago.
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Is a famous collection of this type of composition and the manuscriptdates.
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This include the first symbols related to metre and assigned different note values depending on the duration of the note.
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Who were wandering clerics or mendicant students.
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Refers to music developed between this period, coinciding with mensural notation.
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This new form of musical expression became more and more complex and reached its maximum level.
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Tomás Bretón https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TLTMZfubbj4
Federico Chueca https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iG5S1heReH8&list=PLTisafcBRDNzvWaOjc6XObjjiOhgKSEgW
Ruperto Chapi https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kicrm0OTWz0 -
Coppelia by leo Delibes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e0LatdqMWf4
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Types of compositions:
Short pieces for solo piano.
Chamber music.
Longer works.
Important composers:
CHOPIN https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9E6b3swbnWg
SCHUBERT https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjLMIpMH7Oc -
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The German word Lied means song.
Robert Schumann https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z8AuECXCTU0 -
Most important countries:
Russia:
Alexander Borodin https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sw1weml0-r0
Cesar Cui https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=43ETzJUOXLo
Hungary
Bela Bartok https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=szC8cS9M-Ew
Spain
Enrique Granados https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u8vdixpvHzo -
Instruments:
Woodwind:bass clarinet, contrabasson, english horn and saxophone.
Brass:trombone, tuba.
Percussion:gong, triangle, bass drum, snare drum, cymbals, marimba, celesta. -
Italy:
Gioachino Rossini https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nU_U1NH5QBs
Gaetano Donizetti https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QvkjIt4I5yE
Vincenzo Bellini https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fACkVnxtTos
France:
Giacomo Meyerbeer https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=47Og7nQtWag
Jacques Offenbach https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNtAlXq6weg
Germany:
Richard Wagner https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4i0TnNI6U-w -
Leo Delibes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haxnvx6SHIo
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La Shylphide by Adolphe Nourrit
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Maurice Ravel:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r30D3SW4OVw
Claude debussy:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvFH_6DNRCY -
Vocal technique that was halfway between talking and singing
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Atonality:the use of non-tonal music that was full of disonances that generated tension.
Twelve-tone technique:the use of chromatic scale. -
Ballet Russes:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=37nWgmDkgSY Contemporary dance:search of naturalness and freedom of movements in order to express all types of emotions and feelings.
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Pursuing novelty,experimentation,and originality.
Searching for new musical lenguage that broke away from previous concepts of tone,rhythm and timbre.
Exploring different ways of representing music.
Using new computer an instrumental resources. -
Theremin:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6KbEnGnymk
Ondes Martenot:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v0aflcF0-ys
Synthesiser:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3sXdYXYI_ZI
Sampler:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aw70LqYUUCY
Vibraphone:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b0qffO4dF0o -
Pierre Schaeffer:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q2o9VyuJSD4
Pierre Boulez:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4uxwxOdb8P0
Edgar Varese:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a9mg4KHqRPw -
This movement aimed to create simple,direct music minimal resources.
Steve Reich:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZXJWO2FQ16c -
John Cage was the pioneer of this movement.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTEFKFiXSx4 -
Electronic:sounds generated electronically by synthetisers
Eletroacoustic:music combined the real sounds of musique concrete with other electronically-generated sounds. -
Spanish musical nationalism:Joaquin turina:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsLbritRjjU
Generacion del 27:Joaquin Rodrigo:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ye-FvKCZp3s
Generación del 51:Luis de Pablo:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ys5a0aq4Gh4
