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  Pioneered forensic toxicology
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  Applied anthropometry to crime solving.
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  Scientifically showed how fingerprints can be used to identify a person.
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  Created the character of sherlock holmes and popularized forensics.
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  Published questioned documents.
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  Devised a method for discerning the blood types taken from blood samples from a crime scene
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  Looked at the striations in a bullet to determine whether it was the one used to commit a crime.
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  Formally established the basic scientific principle of forensics.